viii CONTENTS 



CHAP. 



v. TENDING OF WOODS PAGE 



WEEDING, OR PRELIMINARY THINNING . . . 6 1 



THINNING . . . 62 



PRUNING . . . . . 66 



vi. FOREST PROTECTION 



PROTECTION AGAINST OFFENCES CAUSED BY MAN . 67 



PROTECTION AGAINST FIRE . . . 68 



PROTECTION AGAINST MAMMALS AND BIRDS . . JQ 



PROTECTION AGAINST FOREST INSECTS . '75 



PROTECTION AGAINST FUNGOID DISEASES . .88 



PROTECTION AGAINST FOREST WEEDS . . '93 



PROTECTION AGAINST ATMOSPHERIC INFLUENCES . 94 



vii. FOREST UTILISATION 



THE PROPERTIES OF TIMBER . . . .98 



DEFECTS IN TIMBER . . . . I O I 



THE HARVESTING OF TIMBER . '. . IO2 



MINOR PRODUCTS OF THE FOREST . . .105 



DISPOSAL AND SALE OF FOREST PRODUCTS . . IO8 



TRANSPORT OF FOREST PRODUCTS . . .109 



viii. FOREST MANAGEMENT 



SURVEY AND DIVISION OF FORESTS . . . I 14 

 MEASUREMENT OF FELLED AND STANDING TREES, AND 



DETERMINATION OF INCREMENT . . . I 1 6 



COLLECTION OF DATA FOR WORKING PLAN . . 128 



THE NORMAL FOREST . . . .131 



FACTORS DETERMINING THE COURSE OF FUTURE 



MANAGEMENT . . . -132 



METHODS OF REGULATING THE YIELD. . . 134 



FOREST WORKING PLANS . . . .136 



EXECUTION OF THE WORKING PLAN . . .140 



ix. FOREST FINANCE 



VALUATION AND RATE OF INTEREST . . .14! 



SALE VALUE, COST VALUE, AND EXPECTATION VALUE . 143 



