202 By-Products of the Forest 



turpentine "still." Here the crude rosin is boiled 

 with water, and the turpentine leaves it as a 

 vapor. The vapor is caught in a coil of tubes, 

 or "worm," where it is soon cooled by flowing 

 water, and becomes a liquid. When these spirits 

 of turpentine have been distilled, the melted rosin 

 is run through a trough, then turned into bar- 

 rels, where it quickly cools and hardens. An 

 acre of orchard, in three years' bleeding, will 

 yield as much as eight hundred pounds of 

 rosin and twenty-five gallons of turpentine. 



The pitch and tar produced by this industry 

 found early use in the Southern colonies, and to- 

 day these naval stores are still of much import- 

 ance. The rosin is used in making soap, paper, 

 oilcloth, printing inks, and medicines; the tur- 

 pentine, for paints and varnishes. 



