LYCOPODITES, PTILOPHYTON, PSILOTITES, ETC. 187 



fertile spikes has been described by Kidston l as Lycopodites Stockii. 

 It comes from the Millstone Grit of Scotland. The figure does not enable 

 us to feel sufficiently sure about the Devonian Lycopodites Matthewi 2 from 

 New Brunswick. I know of no homophyllous Lycopoditae from other 

 younger formations. 



It is only in the case of a few of the heterophyllous Selaginella-like 

 forms that the presence of the small ventral leaves can be ascertained ; if 

 the impression is seen from above, they are of course concealed, but in the 

 opposite position also they are usually withdrawn from observation through 

 their clinging close to the stem. For this reason all Lycopoditae with 

 distichous leaves may be reckoned without hesitation among heterophyllous 

 forms. A good description of two forms from the Coal-measures, Lycopo- 

 dites primaevus, Goldenberg 3 , and L. macrophyllus, Goldenberg 4 , will be 

 found in Goldenberg. The former species is provided with terminal fructifi- 

 cations like closed buds, and a very similar form, L. Gutbieri, Gopp., also 

 bears fertile catkins ; a figure of it is given in Schimper 5 . L. Richardsoni, 

 Daws, from the Upper Devonian beds of America has been placed by 

 Dawson 6 in this group, but is extremely doubtful. The figure shows a 

 small branch like a Graptolite beset with distichous tooth-like leaves (?), and 

 attached to it a short lateral branch also with distichous leaves but of 

 different shape and limited growth, of which it is briefly said in the descrip- 

 tion, ' fertile branches, lateral, one-sided, in the form of sessile strobiles.' Its 

 author, as usual, gives no particular reason for this assertion. From more 

 recent formations the only plant which I know belonging to this group is 

 Lycopodites falcatus 7 from the Oolitic deposits on the coast of Scar- 

 borough, which is distinguished by the loose disposition of its leaves and 

 by the hook-like forward curvature of the extremities of its elliptical entire 

 leaves. 



Renault 8 on the other hand has found in the siliceous fragments of the 

 Upper Coal-measures of Autun small broken pieces of diminutive stems of 

 two different kinds, which from their structure do most probably belong to 

 this group, though their surface-view unfortunately is not known. He has 

 named these forms Lycopodium punctatum and L. Renaultii. The trans- 

 verse section in both forms shows an axile bundle-strand containing scattered 

 groups of vessels and reminding us to some extent of that of Lycopodium 

 Phlegmaria. Numerous weak horizontal strands are given off from it at the 

 same height, and pass through the cortex into the leaves. From the 

 regularity with which these are seen all round the transverse section 

 Renault concludes that the leaves which are not preserved were arranged in 



1 Kidston (5), t. 5. 2 Dawson (1), vol. i, t. 8, ff. 85-87. 3 Goldenberg (1), t. I, f. 3. 



Goldenberg (1), t. I, f. 5. 5 Schimper (1), t. 57. 6 Dawson (1), vol. i, t. 7, f. 81. 



Lindley and Hutton (1), vol. i, t. 61. s Renault, 7. 



