Glossary. 641 



Maintenance ration. An allowance of food sufficient to maintain a rest- 

 ing " nimal neither gaining nor losing in weight. 

 Mammoth clover. Trifolium medium. 

 Mangel, mangel-wurzel. Beta vulgaris. 

 Masticate. To crush or grind food with the teeth. (34) 

 Meadow fescue. Festuca pratensis. 



Metabolism. The process by which, on the one hand, the digested food 

 is built up into living matter, and on the other, the living matter 

 is broken down into simpler products within a cell or organism. 

 Meter. A metric unit of length equaling 3.28 feet. 

 Millet, common. Panicum miliaceum. 



Millo maize. Sorghum vulgare or Andropogon sorghum, var. 



Mineral matter. .See Ash. (18) 



Nitrogen-free extract. The portion of a feeding stuff remaining when the 

 moisture, ether extract and crude fiber are deducted; it includes 

 starch, sugar, gums, etc. (22) 



Nitrogenous substance. Any food substance containing nitrogen. See 

 Protein. 



Nutrient. Any food constituent or group of food constituents capable of 

 nourishing animals. Sugar, carbohydrates and protein are nu- 

 trients. 



Nutritive ratio. The proportion of digestible protein to digestible carbo- 

 hydrates and ether extract in a ration, the percentage of ether 

 extract being multiplied by 2.4 and added to the carbohydrates. 



OH meal. As understood by American farmers, this term applies only to 

 linseed oil cake reduced to meal by grinding. (200) 



Omasum. The third stomach of ruminants. (28) 



Omniverous. Eating or living upon annual or vegetable food indiscrim- 

 inately. 



Orchard grass. Dactylis glomerata. 



Organic matter. The part of a feeding stuff which is destroyed by burn- 

 ing. 



Parsnip. Pastinaca saliva. 



Pepsin. The digestive ferment found in the stomach of animals. (27) 



Period of gestation. The length of tune of carrying the young; from 

 conception to birth. 



Period of lactation. The time during which the animal suckles her 

 young; with dairy cows, the period from calving to drying off. 



Prickly comfrey. Symphytum asperrimum. 



Protein. A term used to characterize the constituents of feeding stuffs 

 which contain nitrogen. The organic part of the bones, muscles, 

 tendons, internal organs, skin, etc., of the animal body are formed 

 from the protein nutrients of feeding stuffs. Wheat gluten and 

 white of egg are examples of protein. On the average, 16 per cent. 

 41 



