642 Feeds and Feeding. 



of protein compounds is nitrogen, the other elements being the 

 same as in carbohj^drates and fat. The protein compounds 

 in feeding stuffs can be divided into albuminoids and amides, 

 which see. The terms " nitrogenous compound " and u nitrogenous 

 substance" have the same meaning as protein. 



Protoplasm. The jelly-like or granular substance of living plant-cells. ( 5 ) 



Provender. Forage, grain, or feed of any kind. 



Ptyalin. The ferment contained in the saliva. (25) 



Pumpkin. Cucurbita pepo. 



Rape. JBrassica napus. 



Ration. The allowance of provender given to an animal during twenty- 

 four hours. 



Red clover. Trifolium pratense. 



Redtop. Agrostis vulgar is. 



Rennet. The ferment found in the lining of the rennet stomach of young 

 mammals. (27) 



Respiration apparatus. An apparatus for determining the waste matter 

 thrown off by the lungs of an animal. (54, 55) 



Reticulum, or honey comb. The second stomach of ruminants. (28) 



Roughage. The coarse portion of a ration, including such feeding stuffs 

 as hay, corn fodder, silage, roots, etc. See Concentrates. 



Rumen, or paunch. The first stomach of ruminants. (28) 



Ruminant. An animal that chews the cud. 



Ruta-baga, Swedish turnip, Swedes. Brassica campestris, var. 



Saliva. The secretion of the salivary glands of the mouth, the office of 

 which is to moisten the food and through its ferment, ptyalin, 

 partially digest the starchy components of the food. (25) 



Scarlet or crimson clover. Trifolium incarnatum. 



Silage. A succulent forage preserved in the silo. 



Silo. An air-tight structure used for the preservation of forage in a suc- 

 culent condition. 



Soiling. The system of feeding farm animals in a barn or enclosure with 

 fresh grass or green fodders, as corn, rye, oats, etc. 



Soja bean, or soy bean. Soja hispida. 



Sorghum. Sorghum vulgare, var. saccharatum. 



Spurry. Spergula arvensis. 



Stover. The dry stalks of corn from which the ears have been removed. 



Succulent feed. Feed containing much water, as grass, silage, roots. 



Swedish clover. See Alsike clover. 



Teosinte. Euchlaena luxurians. 



Timothy, or Herd's grass. Phleum pratense. 



Villi. Minute hair-like projections on the inside of the intestines, through 

 which the larger portion of the digested nutrients is absorbed. (35) 



White clover. Trifolium rcpens. 



