212 DESCRIPTION OF FEEDING STUFFS 



by Isaachsen, of the Agricultural College of Norway. 4 It is essen- 

 tially a starchy feed, containing about 50 per cent nitrogen-free 

 extract, 42 per cent fiber, and only 3 per cent protein. 



Carob pods are the fruit of the carob tree (Ceratonia Siliqua) , a 

 legume growing in the coastal region of Central and Southern California 

 and in Southern Europe around the Mediterranean Sea. The pods are 

 highly prized in Europe as a feed for horses, cattle^ sheep and swine and 

 has also proved a valuable and palatable feed for calves. Trials at the 

 California Station by the author 5 showed the pods to be fully equal to 

 barley in feeding value. They contain a high percentage of nitrogen-free 

 extract, largely sugar, which is sometimes present in 40 per cent of the 

 weight of the pods. 



Mesquite bean is another leguminous tree fruit growing in the arid 

 Southwest and used as a feed for man and beast. 6 



Of other materials sometimes used for stock feeding may be men- 

 tioned: Prickly comfrey, purslane, spurry, potato vines, chestnuts, stale 

 bread, garbage, orchard by-products, cull fruits and vegetables, apple pomace, 

 soap weed (yucca), mistletoe, sea weeds, etc. 7 



III. Condimental Stock Feeds. Condimental stock feeds, 

 stock tonics, etc., are sold everywhere and in large quantities in 

 the aggregate. In so far as these materials claim to be feeds and 

 to possess actual nutritive properties, they can be dismissed at once, 

 as they are not fed in- sufficient quantities to be of any importance 

 whatever as feeds, and are, furthermore, too expensive to be used 

 for this purpose. As regards their value as tonics and medicine, 

 on the other hand, the examinations made of the materials have 

 shown that they do not contain sufficient amounts of substances 

 possessing medicinal properties to have any influence on stock one 

 way or the other. A large bulk (one-half or more) of the stock 

 feeds are made up of some common feeding stufis, like mill feeds, 

 corn meal, linseed meal, ground screenings, etc., and the balance 

 generally consists of salt, charcoal, or sulfur, with a small amount 

 of mild drugs, like gentian, fenugreek, sassafras, ginger, pepper, etc. 

 The doses of these condiments which an animal receives in an ounce 

 or two of the stock feed, fed as directed, are too small to have any 

 medicinal effect whatever, as they make only a small fraction of the 

 dose recognized by veterinary science, on account of the small pro- 

 portions in which they are present in the stock feeds. 



The stock feeds have been tried out at more than a dozen dif- 



4 Ber. Norges Landbrukshojsk., 1905-6, p. 202 ; Tidsskr. norske Landbr., 

 1910, No. 10. 



5 Bulletin 271; see also Pott, Futtermittel ii, Part 1, p. 569. 

 8 Arizona Bui. 13; Experiment Station Record 9, 1091. 



7 Arizona Cir. 135; N. M. Bui. 114; Texas Bui. 240; see also California 

 Cir. 167. 



