252 PRODUCTIVE FEEDING OF FARM ANIMALS 



avoided, so that the animal may be kept in a vigorous, active con- 

 dition. Indian corn and similar feeds are, for this reason, to be fed 

 with care; high feeding and lack of exercise are common causes of 

 impotency in bulls ; a wrong system of feeding and management has 

 been the cause of shortening the period of usefulness of many bulls. 



QUESTIONS 



1. Give the average composition of cow's milk. 



2. State ten factors that influence the milk secretion of cows. 



3. What is the effect of (a) excitement, (6) time of milking, (c) condition 

 of the cow, on the quality of the milk secreted? 



4. Name the six most important dairy breeds in this country. 



5. State the relative rank of these breeds as regards (a) yield of milk, (6) 

 yield of butter fat, (c) per cent of fat, (d) feed cost per pound of 

 butter fat, according to experiment station trials. 



6. What is the normal decrease in the production of milk and butter fat 

 for good dairy cows due to the advance of the lactation period ? 



7. How does the feed influence (a) the quality, (&) the yield of milk? 



8. What method would you follow for the improvement of the production 

 of the dairy herd? 



9. Give the approximate amounts of dry roughage, succulent feeds, pasture, 

 concentrates eaten by a good dairy cow in the northern States during 

 the year. 



10. State how the Wolff-Lehmann standards for milch cows have been modi- 

 fied by Haecker. 



11. Give the modified figures for the Armsby standard for milch cows as 

 suggested by Eckles. 



12. Describe briefly the system of feeding the dairy heifer. 



13. Describe briefly the system of feeding dairy cows in your locality (a) 

 during the summer, ( b ) during the winter months. 



14. Criticise the following rations for dairy cows, and state how they may be 

 changed to conform to the standards for dairy cows: 



(a) 20 pounds cornstalks, 10 pounds timothy hay, 6 pounds corn meal. 

 (6) 20 pounds mixed hay, 5 pounds oats, 3 pounds corn meal. 



(c) 25 pounds alfalfa hay. 



(d) 40 pounds green alfalfa, 20 pounds alfalfa hay. 



(e) 50 pounds green corn fodder, 3 pounds each of wheat, bran, dry 

 brewers' grains and linseed meal. 



(/) 30 pounds corn silage, 10 pounds cornstalks, 4 pounds corn meal 

 and 2 pounds linseed meal. 



References: Washburn, "Productive Dairying," Philadelphia, 1917. 

 Farmers' Bui. 55, " The Dairy Herd." 106, " Breeds of Dairy Cattle." 

 743, " The Feeding of Dairy Cows." 993, " Cooperative Bull Associations." 



