VERTIGO. 161 



the tips ; by the aid of a lens, two minute black specks are 

 discernible where the lower pair of tentacles would have been 

 placed had they existed ; foot truncate in front, ending in a 

 narrow tail. 



Shell oval, semitransparent, glossy, of a reddish-brown 

 colour, with faint striae in the line of growth, and a few still 

 more indistinct spiral lines ; periphery rounded ; epidermis 

 very thin ; whorls 4i- 5, convex, not much swollen, body whorl 

 occupying about half of the shell ; spire short, apex obtuse ; 

 suture well defined; mouth obliquely semi-oval, with a sharp 

 tooth in the centre of the base of the penultimate whorl, one 

 on the pillar and two or three on the inside of the outer lip ; 

 outer lip rather thin, slightly reflected, thickened by a broadish 

 external rib \ inner lip somewhat thick ; umbilicus moderately 

 deep, but narrow. 



Inhabits most parts of Great Britain, in dry and 

 elevated situations, at the roots of grass and under 

 stones and timber; it also occurs in marshy places. 

 It is lively and irritable, and crawls along rather 

 rapidly in a jerking manner, carrying its shell in a 

 nearly upright position. 



The much smaller size and narrower shape of the 

 shell of this species will serve to distinguish it from 

 V. Moulinsiana and V. antivertigo ; it differs also from 

 the latter in having only a single tooth on the base of 

 the penultimate whorl. 



Var. pallida. Shell lighter in colour and thinner. Inhabits 

 marshy places. Wool, Dorsetshire (Daniel), North Devon and 

 Connemara (J. G. J.), B.C. 



4. V. ALPES'TRIS,* ALDER. PL. IX. 



" Body light straw-colour ; tentacles and foot longer than in 

 V. pygmaa." .C., v. i. p. 259. 

 Shell shaped like that of V. pygmaa, but somewhat more 



Inhabiting Alpine districts. 



