382 SNODGRASS AND HELLER 



the forward end acute ; preopercle entire, its upper limb inclined very 

 slightly back of perpendicular; space between orbits equal to verti- 

 cal diameter of eye; premaxillary groove about 5 in interorbital 

 space; eye elliptical, the longer axis longitudinal; teeth very small, 

 a very narrow band along sides of jaws, a larger group in front of 

 each jaw; snout, premaxillary grooves, preorbitals, jaws and chin 

 naked, rest of head scaled; scales all large on body, especially below 

 lateral line ; ridges along middle of scales forming conspicuous longi- 

 tudinal series on sides of body, 10 below lateral line ; dorsal and anal 

 each with rather high membranous sheath at base, that of dorsal with 

 scales indistinct except posteriorly, that of anal densely scaled through- 

 out ; lateral line gently and regularly curved on the body, straight on 

 the caudal peduncle ; crossed by 47 rows of scales. 



Color. Plain silvery, dorsal fin punctate with minute spots of 

 black pigment. 



94. XYSTyEMA CINEREUM (Walbaum). 



Trudus cinereus peltatus CATESBY, Nat. Hist. Carolinas, 1731, Bahamas. 



Mugil cinereus WALBAUM, Artedi Piscium, 228, 1792, Bahamas. 



Gerres cinereus, JORDAN & BOLLMAN, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus. 1889, 181 (Chat- 

 ham Island). 



Xystcema cinereum, JORDAN & EVERMANN, Fishes North and Mid.' Amer., n, 

 1372, 1898. 



Range. Both shores of tropical America ; Galapagos Islands. 



We have specimens of this species from Narboro; Elizabeth Bay 

 and Tagus Cove, Albemarle; Chatham; and some very small ones 

 from a salt lake in an old crater near Tagus Cove, now entirely shut 

 off from the ocean. 



Family KYPHOSHXE. 



95. DOYDIXODON FREMINVILLEI Valenciennes. 



Doydixodon freminvillei VALENCIENNES, Voyage de la Venus, v, 323, pi. 5, 



1855, Galapagos Islands. 

 fDoydixodon fasciatum KNER & STEINDACHNER, Neue Fische aus Mus. 



Godeffroy, Sitzb. d. k. Akad. d. Wissensch. Wien, LIV, Pt. i, 3, 1866, 



pi. II, fig. 2, Iquique, Peru. 

 Doydixodon fremihvillei, JORDAN & EVERMANN, Fishes North and Mid. Amer. , 



ii, 1382, 1898. ABBOTT, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila. 1889, 351. 



Valenciennes first described and figured this species from a specimen 

 taken at the Galapagos Islands by the Venus. Since then, 1855, very 

 little more has been known of the species. In 1866 Kner and Stein- 

 dachner described a Doydixodon from Iquique, Peru, which they 

 named fasciatum. Their description and figure are, however, from 

 a very small specimen having broad vertical bands on the sides, and it 



