AMOS CRTJICKSHANK OF SITTYTON. 609 



great herd manager, Joseph Culshaw, with the 

 Barmpton Roses in the great show-yards of 

 England, Scotland and Ireland, as well as at 

 the Paris Exposition of 1856, seemed to have 

 been due largely to the successful "nick" of 

 Booth blood, and that of the bull Frederick 

 (11489), with the Barmpton Rose base.* At 

 any rate the Bates cross, as represented by 

 Butterfly's Joy at Sittyton, did not seem to 

 produce equal results ; but a dash of the blood 



*The author regrets that Towneley has not that close identification 

 with American Short-horn breeding operations which has made it neces- 

 sary to discuss at such length various other British herds. Those who 

 write specially for English readers certainly have in Culshaw a character 

 unique in Short-horn history, and in his beauteous Butterflys and regal 

 Roan Duchesses an inspiration that should tempt the dullest pen to flights 

 rhetorical. While the subject is of only collateral interest to America the 

 Short-horn breeding world claims the name and fame of Towneley as a 

 part of the common heritage. A few of the main facts relating to the herd 

 may therefore be here recorded. 



The West of England, like the North of Scotland, developed some great 

 herdsmen. There is nothing like having to overcome obstacles to build up 

 mental power. The County of Lancaster is noted for its manufacturing 

 rather than for its agricultural interests. It has within its borders those 

 great emporiums of trade the cities of Liverpool and Manchester. Col. 

 Towneley 's home farm adjoined Burnley, one of the smaller, but none the 

 less busy, Lancastrian centers of industry. The soil was cold and sour. 

 Grain rarely ripened and roots gave up in disgust. The land was imper- 

 vious to drainage on account of its stiff clay subsoil; moreover it was en- 

 croached upon by the Burnley factories and shops, and the smoke and 

 gases from the furnaces destroyed much of the vegetation. Science could 

 avail little against such conditions so far as farming operations were con- 

 cerned. Nevertheless a Short-horn herd, probably the peer of any that has 

 ever existed elsewhere, was here developed. Not many leagues to the 

 north was Holker Hall, where the Duke of Devonshire also scored a bril- 

 liant success. It is worthy of note, however, that Culshaw came before 

 the birth of the Butterflys and that Drewry preceded the Grand Duchesses 

 of Oxford. 



It was in 1848 that Col. Towneley got through that rare judge Mr. East- 

 wood of Whitewell, in the Valley of the Hodder, the twenty head of cattle 

 that brought him fame imperishable. At the sale of Henry Watson East- 

 wood had bought the fine cow Buttercup, " a sort of yellow-red, and like 

 Hubback in her flecks," a daughter of the celebrated Barmpton Rose. The 



