THE LAMP OF EXPERIENCE. 851 



of the same tribes. The use of a continued 

 succession of sires of one tribe, or group of kin- 

 dred tribes, upon females of other maternal 

 origin is usually described as "line breeding." 

 This latter method of procedure gives rise to 

 stock characterized as Bates-topped, Booth- 

 topped, Cruickshank-topped, etc. Only such 

 cattle as descend in the maternal line from 

 cows bred at Kirklevington, Killerby, Warlaby 

 or Sittyton are referred to as belonging respec- 

 tively to the Bates, Booth or Cruickshank tribes. 

 Cattle that trace to such cows through sires 

 carrying no admixture of blood from other 

 herds are described as "pure" Bates, "pure" 

 Booth or "pure" Cruickshank, as the case may 

 be, but few to which such appellation correctly 

 applies are now living. 



Herd-book registration. In America regis- 

 tration is limited to animals descended all 

 around from stock already of record. This ren- 

 ders it impossible to originate new families on 

 this side of the Atlantic no matter how long 

 the use of registered sires may be pursued. In 

 Great Britain the editing committee of Coates' 

 Herd Book has authority to admit animals hav- 

 ing in the case of bulls five crosses of registered 

 sires, and in the case of cows four crosses of 

 same. Care is of course taken before admit- 

 ting stock under this latter rule to see that the 

 foundation cows were of good general Short- 



