THE CLASSIFICATION OF ANIMALS 13 



consists of two words, the first of which is the name of the 

 genus to which it belongs, while the second is the name of 

 the species to which the animal belongs. 



C. Examine the Pandora Sphinx and the Lesser Vine 

 Sphinx, other hawk moths will do quite as well. Note 

 that these are quite different from the tobacco and tomato 

 moths in the colors and markings of the wings and abdo- 

 mens. Indeed, the Pandora and Lesser Vine Sphinxes are 

 so unlike the tobacco and* tomato moths that the former 

 are placed in an entirely different genus, namely, Pholus. 

 Yet all of these moths have a general similarity. They 

 all have long, narrow, graceful front wings and small hind 

 wings. Their abdomens are comparatively large, and they 

 fly at twilight or at night. They all have long probosces 

 with which they suck the nectar from the flowers of honey- 

 suckles and other plants. Therefore, these two genera of 

 moths, together with other genera of like moths, constitute 

 a family known as the hawk-moth family (Sphingidse) . 



D. Compare the hawk moths with other moths and 

 with butterflies. Note that when handled a fine dust- 

 like substance is rubbed from the wings and is left cling- 

 ing to the fingers. Examine this dust under the micro- 

 scope. It will be seen to consist of minute scales of various 

 forms. With very few exceptions, the wings of all moths 

 and butterflies are clothed with fine scales, and are conse- 

 quently similar in this respect. On account of this simi- 

 larity butterflies and moths are all assembled together 

 in a large group known as an order (Lepidoptera) . 



E. To carry our classification further, many more insects 

 of different kinds must be compared. It will be found 

 in such comparison that they all have six legs and that their 

 bodies consist of three great divisions, head, thorax, and 



