INTRODUCTION 



TO THE SECOND EDITION. 



The study of Butterflies and Moths (Lepidoptera, or scale- 

 winged insects), has been much more generally pursued in this 

 country, than that of any other order of the class Insecta. Most 

 of the large towns in England contain one or more students of 

 this attractive order, who take a commendable pride in increasing 

 and improving their collections of specimens ; while in many of 

 our largest centres of population societies have been established 

 to advance the science of Entomology, and increase the number 

 of its students. 



Under the encouragement of Government the study of Science 

 generally has, of late years, been immensely extended. The 

 preference largely given to the Physical Sciences, over the 

 Natural Sciences, is doubtless due to the practical mode in 

 which physics have been taught ; while the devotees of Nature 

 have been offered little else than theory, as derivable from 

 books. Field Botany, Field Geology, or Field Entomology 

 has, to a large degree, had to be pursued by individual students, 

 at their own discretion, unaided by that light of experiment and 

 demonstration, which, in the hands of good, practical teachers, 

 has so effectively helped forward the student of Physical Science. 

 This is an omission which ought to be supplied, as the pursuit 

 of Field Studies would be an immense benefit to the sedentary 

 populations of our large cities and towns. 



The favourable reception accorded to the First Edition of 

 THE LEPIDOPTERIST'S CALENDAR proved that it supplied, how- 

 ever imperfectly, a want that was really felt. The present 

 Edition has been re-cast, re-written, and considerably extended. 

 While largely adding details regarding various species, the 

 Author believes he has carried out several improvements, which 



