74 THE LEPIDOPTERIST'S CALENDAR 



L AEVJE] JUNE 



Strange and new will be the larval forms of many species which will be 

 met with in this and the last month, if the collector works as the tempting 

 time, which will soon pass away, should prompt him ; and the regular post- 

 ing up of the entomological diary, with the due labelling of unknown or 

 local species, for future identification, will be highly desirable. 



From the end of this month to August, the delicate green larva of P. 

 Machaon may be found in fens and marshes, feeding on umbelliferous plants. 

 This, the largest of our Butterflies, never thrives when removed from its 

 marshy habitat ; all attempts to naturalize it in other localities having failed. 

 Towards the end of the month, G. rhamni may be found of all sizes on the 

 two buckthorns, R. catharticus and R. frangula. Sloe bushes in the neigh- 

 bourhood of woods should be beaten this month for T. betulse. 



C. ligniperda may be taken at night by visiting the trees which can be seen 

 to have been bored by this strong-smelling three-year wood-feeder. If roughly 

 handled, it feigns death for some time. T. cratsegi are extremely various in 

 their appearance. Though hawthorn is their food-plant, they will eat many 

 other plants. They often die whilst changing their fourth skin. L. trifolii 

 is seldom found far from the coast ; and when a number are removed from 

 their habitat, there is generally a large per-centage of deaths. L. griseola, 

 L. quadra, L. lurideola, and M. miniata, should not be sought for later than 

 the beginning of this month, or perhaps better at the end of May, as all these 

 species are often full-fed at that period, and if left too late, may be found to 

 be ichneumoned. 



E. fuscantaria may be beaten from its food-tree, small, at the end of the 

 month. Ash is its favourite food, but it will also eat privet. Old junipers 

 in gardens, shrubberies, and on hills, should be searched to the middle of 

 this month for E. sobrinata. 



P. palpina has a knack of wriggling off the branch it is on, as soon as the 

 branch is touched. P. Cassinea lies close along the petiole of a leaf, and is 

 not easily seen. Though elm and nut are its favourite food, it will eat of 

 almost any tree ; as also will P. populi. P. Cassinea, although not generally 

 full-fed until this month, is sometimes more forward ; it should, therefore, 

 also be looked for in May. 



X. lithoxylea, M. strigilis, M. literosa, G. trilinea, C. Morpheus, and 

 many others, may be found on elder, red currant, beans, &c., by visiting 

 them with a lantern at night. M. oxyacanthse is easily found at night. It 

 falls to the ground the moment it is touched. B. notha is more frequently 

 found on aspen than sallow. When full-fed it eats some depth into rotten 

 wood, and then assumes the pupa state. 



P. Machaon, e... Peucedanum pa- P. rapse turnip, and other 



lustre, and other Umbelliferae ; Cruciferae, tropseolum, &c. 



in fens napi rapeseed, and other 



L. sinapis Vicia cracca, and Cruciferoe 



Orobus tuberosus M Daplidice Reseda lutea, and 



P. brassicse cabbage, and other R. luteola 



Cruciferae, tropaeolum, &c. G. rhamni buckthorn 



