THE LEPIDOPTERIST S CALENDAR 177 



IMAGOS] SEPTEMBER 



The Collector may be reminded that the character of the locality he is 

 working, and the nature of the species he is seeking, must largely determine 

 his method of search and capture, not forgetting the fact that however far 

 Moths may fly, they generally return, for rest, to, or near, what were their 

 food-plants when larvae. All kinds of places form a harbour for insects. 

 The beating-stick should be energetically applied to heaps of dry rubbish, 

 masses of grass, reeds, weeds, &c., tangled under-growth, haystacks, and 

 thatch (the latter harbours many Depressariae, &c. ); while "scarecrows," 

 tree-trunks (especially those exuding sap), leaves, flowers, blackberries, fallen 

 fruit, palings, posts, fences, walls, heaps of stone or sticks, logs of wood, 

 outhouses, eaves, &c., all furnish lodgment-space, and a means of conceal- 

 ment, to various species, and should be vigilently scanned. Indeed, vigilence 

 is especially required, for many species closely resemble the substances on 

 which they are in the habit of resting. 



" Second appearances " are this month becoming more common than before. 

 Among the Sphinges and Bombyces, especially, it is not unusual to find two 

 series of transformations in the twelve-months ; but by a wise provision of 

 nature, the development of a portion of the brood is sometimes retarded. 

 With some of the Geometrinae three broods are regularly obtained in con- 

 finement ; while some of the Bombyces, Psychidae, and Coleophorse, require 

 twenty-four months, and even more, to enable them to complete their round 

 of metamorphoses. And sometimes even the date of their advent in the 

 winged state is further delayed by their remaining in the chrysalis state for 

 two, or three, and sometimes as many as four, or five seasons. 



G. rhamni, h. ...woods, &c. A. Atropos at rest, on palings, 



C . Edusa, h clover fields, railway &c. 



banks, &c. S. convolvuli ...at fl., at dusk 



Hyale, h in clover fields, &c. D. euphorbias, m. on the coast 



A. Latona fields, woods, &c. lineata at fl., at dusk 



V. c-album, 2., h. at blackberries, C. celerio at fl., at dusk 



and fl. ; may be found hanging M. stellatarum, 2. , h. at fl. ; flies by 

 to underside of leaves, in dull day, and in the evening, and s. 



weather at moonlight 



urticae, h D. pulchella in stubble fields ; a 



polychloros, h. about elms day flyer 



,, Antiopa, h. ...attracted by ivy fl., C. plantaginis, s., 2 



and cossus-infected trees O. antiqua 



lo, h at fl. D. coryli, s 



Atalanta, h.... at fl., and fallen fruit, T. crataegi comes to 1. 



in orchards R. crataegata, 2. hedges, &c. 



,, cardui, h at fl. E. alniaria 



C. Pamphilus ... tiliaria comes to 1. 



P. Phlceas at fl. ; at rest, on fuscantaria ...comes to 1. 



sorrel, &c., at night erosaria 



L. Bcetica angularia on trees; comes to 1. 



Alexis at fl. ; maybefound H. pennaria 



on cold, windy days, and at N. zonaria 



night, at rest, on grass stems, P. baiularia, s....a second brood s. 

 &c., in hollows, on hills appears in confinement 



N 



