72 HOP-FLY. 



to explain. In May, a fly lays a lot of eggs ; 

 these eggs hatch and hecome hlights ; these blights 



preceding joints, and rather longer than the fifth ; the rostrum reaches the 

 middle hips, its tip is brown ; the eyes are red ; the sides of the forechest are, 

 as usual, slightly notched ; the tubes are nearly one-fourth of the length of the 

 body, and slightly decrease in thickness from the base to the tips ; the legs are 

 moderately long ; the fore legs are considerably shorter than the hind legs ; 

 the tibiae are very slightly bent ; the number of unborn little ones visible toge- 

 ther is between thirty and forty, so homogeneous is the body, and so generally 

 possessed of the reproductive faculty ; the horn on the front is sometimes 

 slightly forked at the tip, and one specimen has a fore tibia quite black. 



The Viviparous Winged Female of the second Generation. This acquires 

 wings at the end of May, and in the beginning of June it repairs in great 

 numbers to the hops, and in a few instances it continues there till the end of 

 July : it is green ; the disk of the head and the mesothorax above and below 

 are black ; there are a few black bands across the disk of the abdomen, and a 

 row of large black spots on each side, the tip of the abdomen, like that of the 

 wingless female, forms a short tube ; there is a conical protuberance in the 

 middle of the front, the projection on each side is shorter than that of the 

 wingless female ; the antennae are black, and a little longer or a little shorter 

 than the body ; the base of the third joint is pale green ; the fifth joint is a 

 little shorter than the fourth ; the sixth is little more than one-third of the 

 length of the fifth ; the seventh is very much longer than the fourth ; the ros- 

 trum is pale green, with a black tip ; the tubes are dull green, with black tips : 

 the legs are pale yellow, and longer than those of the wingless female ; the 

 thighs, especially the hind thighs, are black from the tips towards the base ; 

 the tarsi and the tips of the tibiae are also black ; the wings are colourless ; 

 the squamulse are pale yellow ; the stigmata -are pale brown ; the veins are 

 brown ; the costal vein, a little beyond the middle of the fore border of the 

 wing, begins to widen into the stigma, which is irregularly spindle-shaped, ra- 

 ther long and narrow, and has a very slight obtuse angle on its hind border ; 

 the branch veins are very distinct ; the first and the second are nearly straight; 

 the third is obsolete near its source, and is forked soon after one-third, and 

 forked again at two-thirds of its length, it is inclined towards the tip of the 

 wing, and forms two very obtuse angles where it casts off its forks. The pupa 

 is green, like the wingless female, but is elliptical, and has a narrower body. 



Irregularities in the Veins of the Wings. 1st. The second fork is sent forth 

 much beyond two-thirds of the length of the third vein. 2nd. The first fork 

 does not begin till the middle of the third vein. 3rd. The second fork is 

 wanting. 4th. The first fork is wanting. 5th. The first fork is partly wanting, 



