356 PLINY'S NATUKAL HISTOET. [Book VIII. 



the " Olympionicae/' King Hiero, 97 King Attalus 98 Philome- 

 tor, Ctesias," Duris, 1 Philistus, 2 Archytas, 3 Phylarchus, 4 Am- 

 philochus 5 of Athens, Anaxapolis 6 the Thasian, Apollodorus 7 

 of Lemnos, Aristophanes 8 the Milesian, Antigonus 9 the Cu- 

 maean, Agathocles 10 of Chios, Apollonius n of Pergamus, Aris- 



an account of the victors at the Olympic games, the work here referred to 

 by Pliny. 



97 Hiero II., the king of Syracuse, and steady friend and ally of the 

 Eomans, He died probably a little before the year B.C. 216, having at- 

 tained the age of ninety-two. Varro and Coluinella speak of a Treatise on 

 Agriculture written by him. 



98 Attalus III., king of Pergamus, son of Eumenes II. and Stratonice, 

 daughter of Ariarathes, king of Cappadocia. In his will he made the 

 Roman people his heirs. Being struck with remorse for the murders and 

 other crimes of which he had previously been guilty, he abandoned all 

 public business, and devoted himself to the study of physic, sculpture, and 

 gardening, on which he wrote a work. He died B.C. 133, of a fever, with 

 which he was. seized through exposing himself to the sun's rays, while 

 engaged in erecting a monument to his mother. 



99 See end of B. ii. l See end of B. vii. 



2 An historian of Syracuse, one of the most celebrated of antiquity, 

 though, unfortunately, none of his works have come down to us. He was 

 born about B.C. 435, and died B.C. 356. He wrote histories of Egypt, 

 Libya, Syria, and Phoenicia. 



3 A Greek of Tarentum, famous as a philosopher, mathematician, states- 

 man, and general. The lives of him by Aristoxenus and Aristotle are un- 

 fortunately lost. He lived probably about B.C. 400, and he is said to have 

 saved the life of Plato by his influence with the tyrant Dionysius. He 

 was finally drowned in the Adriatic, He attained great skill as a prac- 

 tical mechanician ; and his flying dove of wood was one of the wonders of 

 antiquity. The fragments and titles of works ascribed to him are very 

 numerous, but the genuineness of some is doubted. 



4 See end of B. vii. 



5 A writer on Agriculture, mentioned also by Varro and Columella. In 

 B. xviii. c. 43, Pliny speaks of a work of his on lucerne clover andcytisus. 



6 Or Anaxipolis. He was a writer on Agricultural subjects, and is 

 mentioned by Varro and Columella ; but nothing further is known re- 

 specting him. 



7 A writer on Agriculture. He is supposed to have lived before the 

 time of Aristotle, and is also mentioned by Varro. No further particulars 

 are known respecting him. 



8 A writer on Agriculture ; Varro calls him a native of Mallus, in 

 Cilicia. 



9 A native of Cumae or Cymae, in Asia Minor, a Greek writer on Agri- 

 culture, mentioned also by Varro and Columella. 



10 A writer on Agriculture, mentioned also by Varro and Columella. 



11 A writer on Agriculture, mentioned also by Varro, Columella, Galen, 

 and the Scholiast on Meander. 



