64 NATURAL HISTORY. [cH. III. 



tapestry with which they are lined until they have 

 completely closed the outer walls. 



The chrysalis of this insect is remarkable in hav- 

 ing the tongue of the moth, not simply stretched 

 along the breast as in most chrysalides ; but as from 

 its great length that organ would reach further than 

 the extremity of the body if extended in a straight 

 line, it is bent back when it has reached the last 

 ring of the body, and is recurved to the length of 

 several segments. The tongue-case of the chrysa- 

 lis of the very rare English moth, Noctua (Calopha- 

 sia) linarice (whose cocoon is very similar in its con- 

 struction to that of the spectacle moth subsequently 

 mentioned), also turns upwards, and is prominent 

 laterally beyond the sides of the body. There are 

 other instances in which the tongue is even much 

 longer than in these moths, and in which this organ 

 is differently folded, as in the sphinxes, in which the 

 tongue very far exceeds the length of the body ; but 

 in the chrysalis state it is folded up and incased in 

 a short cylindrical proboscis, curved upon the breast. 



There is another caterpillar, however, which ex- 

 hibits much more ingenuity than that of the water 

 betony moth above mentioned. Like the cocoons 

 formed by the latter, the substance of its case is 

 chiefly earth ; but instead of the outside being rough 



