THE NON-RUMINANT OR MANY-TOED ARTIODACTYLA. 



gray colour, and set with coarse bristles very 

 sparsely scattered, except on the middle line 

 of the back, where they form a pretty long 

 mane which hangs down on both sides. The 

 cheeks are surrounded by whiskers, and the 

 short tail carries a tuft. The head forms the 



fourth part of the whole length of the body. 

 Behind, it terminates abruptly in the form of 

 a quadrangle, at the upper corners of which 

 are situated the broad, short, sharp-pointed 

 ears, while small prominent eyes are placed 

 on the flat brow. Two warty protuberances 



Fig. 154. The Emgalo or /Ethiopian Wart-hog (Phacochasrus cethiopicus], page 69. 



as large as the ears rise beneath and in front 

 of the eyes, like two short, flattened, recurved 

 horns. A second pair of small warts is found 

 on the sides of the face near the enormous 

 tusks, to form which the upper and lower 

 canines are set close together so as to form 

 terrible weapons curving upwards and back- 

 wards. The snout is short, but very broad, 

 and oval in section. The legs are pretty 

 long, but strong, and on the joints of the 

 wrist there are broad callosities or warty 

 patches. In order to be able to turn up the 

 soil with greater force the wart-hogs have 

 acquired the habit of kneeling on these 

 patches and advancing by pushing with the 

 hind-feet. 



The dentition is very remarkable, unique 



in its kind. In the premaxilla there is only 

 a single incisor on each side, and this is 

 placed behind a bony eminence supporting 

 the snout. This pair of incisors, which bend 

 inwards towards each other, often disappear, 

 especially in the Cape species. In the lower 

 jaw there are six incisors arranged in a semi- 

 circle, and these also in the Cape species 

 often disappear in the adult. The upper 

 canines are of enormous size, set in project- 

 ing sockets, and have their anterior surface 

 grooved and worn away at the base by 

 friction against the slender and very sharp- 

 pointed canines of the lower jaw. In each 

 half of each jaw the last of the cheek-teeth 

 is of enormous size, and takes up almost the 

 whole length of the jaw, while in front of it 



