608 BELL SYSTEM TECHNICAL JOURNAL 



part of the dielectric loss is also strongly affected by the amount of 

 electrolytic material in the textile. These characteristics can be 

 explained if the textile is regarded as an electrolytic cell in which the 

 absorbed water and dissolved salts form the electrolyte and the solid 

 constituents of the textile act as a container which determines the 

 volume, geometric form and specific conductance of the electrolyte. 

 The capacity at high humidities is regarded as due chiefly to the 

 electrolytic polarization capacity of this electrolyte. 



Electrical Conduction in Textiles. Part III — Anomalous Properties}^ 

 E. J. Murphy. This paper deals with the increase of conductivity 

 with increasing applied voltage (the Evershed effect), and with the 

 residual electromotive forces and changes in resistance produced by 

 the passage of current through the textile. The results point to the 

 conclusion that the Evershed effect is due to two factors, a back-e.m.f. 

 due to electrolytic polarization, and an increase, caused by the increase 

 in voltage, in the amount to which the ions adsorbed by the interface 

 between the aqueous solutions and the solid material of the textile 

 contribute to the total conductivity. The characteristics of the 

 residual e.m.f. change with humidity; at high humidities the e.m.f. is 

 apparently caused by chemical changes in the aqueous solutions due to 

 their electrolysis. It was found that the passage of a current through 

 a textile causes its resistance to become non-uniformly distributed, the 

 distribution depending on the nature of the electrode material; this is 

 interpreted as due to changes in the chemical composition of the 

 solutions in different parts of the textile. The anomalous properties 

 can be explained in terms of the electrolytic cell mechanism suggested 

 in the preceding paper by attributing to the solid in which the aqueous 

 conducting paths are contained the properties of adsorbing ions and of 

 hindering the equalization of concentration differences in the solutions 

 by diffusion. Thus, all of the properties of conduction in textiles 

 observed in this investigation can be explained in terms of a single 

 general mechanism which appears to be a probable consequence of the 

 colloidal structure of the materials. 



Study of Weller Brittleness Test for Paper .^"^ R. L. Peek, Jr. and 

 J. M. Finch. On the assumption that paper possesses certain basic 

 properties, an expression is theoretically obtained relating the results 

 of the Weller brittleness test to these basic properties, the dimensions 

 of the sample, and the conditions of testing. Experimental data are 

 presented which show that the effect of the sample dimensions and the 



'1 Journal of Physical Chemistry, Vol. 2)i, April, 1929, pp. 509-532. 

 •2 Paper Trade Journal, Vol. 88, February 7, 1929, pp. 56-62. 



