194 BELL SYSTEM TECHNICAL JOURNAL 



Bermuda and proposed new long wave system to supplement existing 

 facilities to Europe are mentioned. 



A description of the new radiotelephone transmitting and receiving 

 stations now being erected at Dixon and Point Reyes, Calif., respec- 

 tively, is given. These stations will be connected to a terminal office 

 at San Francisco and the system used for the establishment of radio- 

 telephone service to the Hawaiian Islands and later on, to other 

 transpacific points as may be required. 



High- Frequency Atmospheric Noise}^ R. K. Potter. A method 

 which has been employed in the measurement of high-frequency 

 atmospheric noise is described. Using this method measurements of 

 noise over the range from 5 to 20 megacycles made in different parts 

 of the United States and at different tmies of the year, show a distinct 

 diurnal change in intensity similar to that for long-range high-fre- 

 quency signal transmission. Except during periods of severe local 

 disturbance noise on the lower frequencies is high during the night 

 while on the higher frequencies the maximum occurs during the day. 

 Simultaneous observation of crashes on different frequencies also 

 suggests that the received atmospherics are largely transmitted by 

 overhead paths. The variation in high-frequency atmospheric noise 

 intensity during the passage of local electrical disturbance centers is 

 shown. It is suggested that the intensity of atmospheric noise gener- 

 ated by these centers of electrical disturbance is inversely proportional 

 to frequency. Measurement data are included showing the effect of 

 sunrise and sunset, an eclipse of the sun, and disturbances in the 

 earth's magnetic field upon the intensity of high-frequency atmospheric 

 noise. Diurnal characteristics of high-frequency atmospheric noise 

 on directive antennas facing England and South America and the 

 noise reduction obtained by these arrays are illustrated. The possible 

 location of distant centralized noise sources is discussed briefly. 



The Grounded Condenser Antenna Radiation Formula}^ \V. Howard 



Wise. Exact formulas for the wave function and vertical electric 



field at the surface of the ground are derived for a vertical dipole of 



zero height. 



'8 Proc. L R. E., October, 1931. 

 ^^ Proc. I. R. £., September, 1931. 



