ULTRA-SHORT WAVE PROPAGATION 



153 



used in optics 



K ■- 



1 - a 



- K = 



1 _ ^V ^-^ - ^ 

 ^ 3^5 7 



1 _« + «'_ ^ «3 + 



]• 



+ 



1 + a' 



i/. = tan-i iS = /3 



_ g sin I 



1 + c sin^ ^ ' 



^ 6 sin ^ 



^ 1 - c sin2 ^ ' 



where is the angle of incidence and for vertical polarization, ^^ 



« = — [eVs + r -\- g'sjs — r], 



b = — rqyjs -\- r — €\s — rl, 

 s 



while for horizontal polarization, 



s 



= -^ -— 



\s — r. 



where 



g = 2a/f, 



r = e — COS" ^, 



f is the frequency in cycles per second, and e and a are the dielectric 

 constant and conductivity respectively, both in electrostatic units.^^ 



^^ Vertical polarization refers to vertical electric field. Horizontal polarization 

 refers to horizontal electric field. This is difi^erent from the concepts of optics. 



2* If (7 is expressed in electromagnetic units, q = 2crF'//. where V is the velocity 

 of light (3 X IQio). 



