88 BELL SYSTEM TECHNICAL JOURNAL 



per minute. The device most recently adopted is similar to the jaws of a 

 pair of pliers held between two stationary guides. As the jaws are sepa- 

 rated more liquid flows through them and as they are closed the flow is cut 

 down. A vernier scale adjustment makes close and accurate settings 

 possible when used with a constant head. In the older system the dye for 

 coloring the pulp is added in the beater but the newer system more recently 

 put to use in the Kearny, New Jersey Plant supplies the d_ve as needed so 

 that only uncolored pulp need be stored in tanks and color changes can be 

 rapidly made with little loss of stock. 



Wire Supply 



A machine of this size and difficulty of control necessitated a continuous 

 supply of wire to avoid large losses in junk and lost time. It was necessary 

 to devise methods of continuous feed, and to do this wire supplied on spools 

 was utilized. On the earliest machines spools 8" x 8", containing sixty 

 pounds of bare copper wire, were used, the wire being removed over the 

 head of the spool by means of a flier. At each supply position two spools 

 were placed side by side and a flier placed on one. When the first spool was 

 emptied to the last few turns, an operator, by means of a special hook, 

 pulled out one turn and brazed it to the outer end of the other spool. A 

 flier was then placed on the second spool, and when the braze was reached 

 the transfer to the new spool took place. 



Using the new 400-pound spools from the new Kearny Wire Mill, a larger 

 supply space is needed (Fig. 5), and the two spools per position are set 

 opposite one another instead of side by side. The inner end of wire on these 

 spools is brought out and coiled in the head of the spool so that the two 

 spools can be brazed at any time the operator wishes and the wire will be 

 completely used from each spool. Either a stationary flat ring or a rotating 

 type flier can be used for removing the wire. The latter type has certain 

 operating advantages which at present warrant its introduction and use, 

 although the flat disc has so far been used. With the disc type take-off, a 

 tensioning device consisting of a system of three small rollers is used. One 

 roller can be varied in size and as the three come together the slip between 

 them supplies the tension. With the flier type take-off, a tension device is 

 not essential. 



Wire Cleaning 



In our early efforts to make insulated wire by this process very erratic 

 results were obtained in the continuity of the insulation. It was finally 

 found that small traces of drawing compound left on the wire made it 

 difficult for the wet pulp to adhere to it during the subsequent polishing 

 operations. Therefore, it became necessary to clean all the wire. Con- 



