116 PROCEEDINGS OF THE ACADEMY OF [March, 



these species, or in their absence fche figures referred to above, will 

 agree with me that no specimens referable to either of them have 

 been made known from Japan. 



Vimpara stelmaphora Bourguignat, Rev. et Mag. de Zool., Mars, 

 1862, PL 6, figs. 7, 8 ; Spicil. Malac., p. 135, PL 10, figs. 7, 8. 

 Type locality, Pekin, China. 



While close to the Japanese V. malleatus (Rve. ), this species 

 differs in its comparatively longer spire and smaller aperture. It 

 seems to me related to V. lecythoides (Bens.). Its introduction 

 into the Japanese list was due to the three spiral punctured lines, 

 which stelmaphora has in common with several other species. 



Japanese species. 



With the above-mentioned Continental species out of the way, 

 we find the following described from Japan : 



Paludina histrica Gould, 1859. 

 Paludina jap onica v. Mart., 1860. 

 Paludina Iceta v. Mart., 1860. 

 Paludina malleata Reeve, 1863. 

 Paludina abbreviata Reeve, 1863. 

 Paludina nitens Reeve, 1863. 

 Vivipara sclateri Frauenfeld, 1865. 



Of these seven names, three or four stand for species ; the others 

 being synonyms or varieties. 



Viviparus malleatus (Reeve). PI. IX, figs. 6, 7. 



Paludina malleata Reeve, Conch. Icon., Vol. XIV, PL 5, fig. 25 



(February, 1863). 

 Paludina abbreviata Reeve, Conch. Icon., Vol. XIV, PL 5, fig. 26 



(February, 1863). 

 Paludina stelmaphora Kobelt, Fauna Moll. Extramar. Jap., p. 122, 



PL 11, fig. 4. 

 Paludina stelmaphora Iwakawa, Annot. Zool. Jap., I, p. 85, PL 5, 



figs. 1-4. Not V. stelmaphora Bgt.! 



" Shell swollen, egg-shaped, thin, smooth, with a greenish epi- 

 dermis; spire low with an obtuse apex usually worn out in old 

 specimens. Whorls quite rounded, separated by deep sutures, each 

 whorl wound round with three punctured lines."* These lines bear 

 short bristles in young or perfectly preserved adult shells. They 

 are sometimes very faint, in part obsolete, but I believe always 

 visible on some part of the shell. Two are on the upper surface 

 and one near the periphery. Even when the early whorls are 

 preserved, there are no angles or spiral ridges on the sheD, such as 



8 1 can do no better than to quote Iwakawa's words. 



