260 SPECIFIC MICRO-ORGANISMS 



It has been possible to induce a high degree of immunity in 

 horses, and the serum of these animals is protective and to some 

 extent curative in animal experiments. Practically it has as 

 yet no place in the treatment of human infections with the 

 pneumococcus. 



Streptococcus Viridans. Schottmueller 1 has found a strepto- 

 coccus, resembling in some respects the pneumococcus, in the 

 blood of cases of subacute endocarditis or endocarditis lenta. 

 On the blood-agar plates the colonies appear after two to five 

 days as opaque granules surrounded by a cloudy but distinctly 

 greenish zone. The organism is being found very frequently 

 in cases of subacute endocarditis, 2 and is apparently the specific 

 cause of this particular fairly well-defined type of endocarditis. 



Streptococcus Mucosus. Schottmueller 3 has isolated a strep- 

 tococcus from various purulent processes, which not only pos- 

 sesses a mucoid capsule in the living body, but also shows very 

 distinct capsules in artificial culture. The size of the cells is ex- 

 ceedingly variable. Serum agar or ascitic-fluid agar are necessary 

 for successful culture. 



Streptococcus Pyogenes. Bacteria were observed in pyemic 

 abscesses by Rindfleisch in 1866 and in the following years this 

 observation was confirmed by numeTOUs pathologists. Klebs 

 (1870-71) recognized the u Micro sp or on septicum" as the cause of 

 wound infections and the accompanying fever, as well as the 

 resulting pyemia and septicemia. Ogston (1882) first clearly 

 distinguished between the chain-form, streptococcus, and the 

 grape-form, staphylococcus, of the pus cocci, not only on the 

 basis of their grouping but also in respect to the types of inflamma- 

 tion with which they are associated. Pure cultures were first 

 obtained by Fehleisen (1883) from erysipelas (Streptococcus 

 erysipelatos) and by Rosenbach (1884) from the pus of wounds 

 (Streptococcus pyogenes). The former produced typical erysipe- 

 las by inoculating the human skin with his cultures. There 



1 Muenchener med. Wochenschr., 1903, (I), No. 20, p. 849. 



2 Major, Johns Hopkins Hasp. Bull., 1912, Vol. XXIII, pp. 326-332. 

 *Mnench. med. Wochenschr., 1903, Bd. L, S. 849-853; S. 909-912. 



