THE COLON, TYPHOID AND DYSENTERY BACILLI 



3 2 7 



ties regard it as a variety of this species. 

 B. aero genes was found by Escherich in 

 the upper part of the small intestine. It 

 is commonly present in ordinary cow's 

 milk and has been found in the urine in 

 cystitis 1 and pyelitis. 



Bacillus (Bacterium) Pneumoniae. 

 This organism was obtained by Fried- 

 laender in 1883 on gelatin plates inocu- 

 lated with material from cases of pneu- 

 monia and was confused by him with the 

 organisms which he observed microscopi- 

 cally in abundance in his material. The 

 latter were undoubtedly pneumococci (See 

 Diplococcus pneumonia page 257). B. pneu- 

 monia is rather common in the upper air 

 passages and occurs in the lungs in some 

 cases of pneumonia. It is non-motile, 

 capsulated and Gram-negative, and in 

 nearly all respects quite like B. aerogenes. 

 The nail-shaped culture in gelatin stab is 

 regarded as specially typical. 



Bacillus (Bacterium) Rhinosclero- 

 matis. This organism was described by 

 von Frisch in 1 88 2 . It is readily obtained, 

 often in pure culture, by incising the lesion 

 of rhinoscleroma and spreading the blood 

 thus obtained on an agar surface. 2 It is 

 also found in abundance by microscopic 

 examination of sections of rhinoscleroma 

 tissue. B. rhinosderomatis is capsulated, 

 non-motile and in morphology and cultural 



1 Luetscher, Johns Hopkins Hosp. Bull., ion. Vol 

 XXII, pp. 361-366. 



2 Wright and Strong: New York Med. Journ., ion 

 Vol. XCIII, pp. 516-519. 



FIG. 132. Friedlan- 

 der'spneumobacillus; gel- 

 atin stab culture, show- 

 ing the typical nail-head 

 appearance and the for- 

 mation of gas bubbles, not 

 always present. (From 

 McFarland after Curtis.) 



