328 SPECIFIC MICRO-ORGANISMS 



characters indistinguishable from B. pneumonia. It is Gram- 

 negative when stained by the usual technic. Its etiological rela- 

 tion to rhinoscleroma is somewhat uncertain. 



Rhinoscleroma is a disease characterized by the occurrence of 

 circumscribed grayish nodules in the mucous membrane of the 

 nose, which tend slowly to extend without ulceration. Histo- 

 logically the lesion is composed of granulation tissue and fibrous 

 tissue with lymphocy tic infiltration. Many of the cells appear 

 swollen and vacuolated, so-called lace-cells, and in and near these 

 the bacilli are present in large numbers. The disease occurs in 

 Europe and has been seen in a number of Russian immigrants to 

 the United States. 



Bacillus (Mucosus) Capsulatus and Bacillus Ozenae also occur 

 on the mucous membranes of the upper air passages. They do 

 not appear to be specifically different from B. pneumonia of 

 Friedlaender. 



Bacillus Enteritidis. Gaertner in 1888 isolated this organism 

 from the spleen of a man who died in an epidemic of meat poison- 

 ing in which 57 persons were made ill. The meat was derived 

 from a cow, sick at the time of slaughter, and this same organism 

 was found in the meat which had not been sold. The bacillus is 

 of the same size and shape as B. coli, but is more actively motile 

 and has more flagella. It ferments dextrose with the production 

 of gas, does not ferment lactose nor coagulate milk, nor does it 

 produce an amount of indol appreciable by testing with sulphuric 

 acid and nitrite. Its cultures are highly toxic, even after they 

 have been boiled. 1 A typhoid-immune serum agglutinates B. 

 enteritidis in fairly high dilutions. The cases of food poisoning 

 in which it was found were characterized by vomiting and diarrhea 

 and at autopsy by severe enteritis and swelling of the lymph 

 follicles of the intestine. Food poisoning of this type seems to 

 be rather common. 2 



1 Vaughan and Novy: Cellular Toxins, 1902, p. 207. 



2 Anderson, Poisoning from Bacillus enteritidis. The Military Surgeon, 1912, 

 Vol. XXXI, pp. 425-29. See also Marshall's Microbiology, 1911, p. 414. 



