148 THE PEARS OF NEW YORK 



first president of the Massachusetts Horticultural Society. In 1831, 

 General Dearborn first exhibited fruit of the variety at the Massachusetts 

 Horticultural Society where it was named Dearborn's Seedling in honor of 

 the originator. This variety should not be confused with a pear raised by 

 Van Mons of Belgium and named by him Dearborn. The Dearborn of 

 Van Mons is larger and ripens later than the American Dearborn, and was 

 long since taken from lists of pears recommended for cultivation in America. 

 Dearborn was included in the American Pomological Society's first fruit- 

 catalog in 1848, where it was called Dearborn's Seedling. In 1883, the 

 Society shortened the name to Dearborn. Since 1891, the name has failed 

 to appear in the catalogs of this Society. 



Tree large, vigorous, spreading, tall, very productive; trunk stocky; branches thick, 

 zigzag, reddish-brown partly covered with a heavy, gray scarf-skin, marked by many red- 

 dish-brown lenticels; branchlets slender, very long, with long internodes, older wood brown, 

 new growth greenish, nearly covered with reddish-brown, mottled with ash-gray scarf- 

 skin, smooth, glabrous becoming pubescent near the tips of the new growth, with numerous 

 small, brownish, round, raised, conspicuous lenticels. 



Leaf -buds very small, short, pointed, plump, free. Leaves 3 in. long, i^ in. wide, 

 thin; apex obtusely-pointed; margin with very fine dark tips, finely and shallowly serrate; 

 petiole tinged red, if in. long, glabrous. Flower-buds small, short, conical, plump, free, 

 arranged singly on short spurs; flowers showy, ij in. across, in dense clusters, 9 or 10 buds 

 in a cluster; pedicels f in. long, pubescent. 



Fruit ripe in late August; small, 2 in. long, 2j in. wide, uniform, roundish-pyriform, 

 with a slight neck, symmetrical, uniform; stem i in. long, slender; cavity obtuse, shallow, 

 narrow, thinly russeted, often slightly lipped; calyx open, large; lobes separated at the base, 

 narrow, acuminate; basin very shallow, obtuse, gently furrowed and wrinkled, symmetrical; 

 skin thick, very tough, smooth, dull; color pale yellow, with russet specks; dots numerous, 

 small, russet, conspicuous; flesh white, slightly granular at the center, tender and melting, 



Dearborn's portrait was chosen for the frontispiece. He was early interested in experimental gardens and 

 rural cemeteries. The plans for experimental gardens advocated by him were never fully carried out, 

 but no doubt his enthusiasm for such gardens, with his own garden as a model, did much to stimulate the 

 planting in America in the early half of the nineteenth century of the many famous gardens which adorned 

 and enriched every center of culture along the Atlantic seaboard. He helped to establish the Mount 

 Auburn and Forest Hills cemeteries, famous among Boston cemeteries, and the first of rural cemeteries in 

 this country. His life-long devotion to rural art as exemplified in gardens and cemeteries knew no bounds. 

 On these subjects and on pomology he contributed many articles to the agricultural and horticultural 

 papers of his time. Few men, it can be said, could better concentrate their thoughts and feelings on paper 

 than he seems to have done. Besides the many papers from his own pen he published several translated 

 treatises from the French, chief of which was a monograph on the Camellia in 1838 and another on Morus 

 multicauHs in 1830, the " Mulberry Craze " being in full swing at this time. General Dearborn was an 

 ardent pear-grower and helped to test the hundreds of seedlings then being brought from Belgium and 

 France and grew as well considerable numbers from his own seed-beds. Of all his seedlings, however, only 

 Dearborn survives. 



