THE PEARS OF NEW YORK 257 



the British Pomological Society in 1858 under the name Graham's Bergamot. It was 

 granted a first class certificate from the Royal Horticultural Society. Prior to being 

 placed on the market in 1863 it was renamed Autumn Nelis because of the similarity of 

 the tree and fruit to Winter Nelis. Fruit rather above medium and equal to a large Winter. 

 Nelis, obovate-pyriform, greenish-yellow, almost entirely covered with brown-russet; flesh 

 yellowish, very tender, melting and buttery, with abundance of rich, aromatic, sugary juice 

 and having an exquisite flavor ; a first class dessert fruit ; Oct. 

 Avocat Allard. i. Leroy Diet. Pom. 1:173. 1867. 2. Jour. Hort. N. S. 19:284, 328. 1870. 



Raised from seed of Doyenne* Gris in 1842 by M. Gregoire, Jodoigne, Bel. Fruit small 

 to medium, obovate-obtuse-pyriform, lemon-yellow, much marbled and spotted with 

 russet; flesh yellowish-white and melting; juice very abundant, rich, spicy and very 

 delicious; first rate for cooking; Oct. and Nov. 



Avocat Nelis. i. Leroy Diet. Pom. 1:173, fig. l8 67. 2. Mas Pom. Gen. 5:47, fig. 312. 

 1880. 



Originated from the seed beds of M. Gre"goire, Jodoigne, Bel., in 1846. Fruit medium, 

 oblong-obovate-pyriform, compressed toward the summit, golden-yellow, dotted and 

 veined with fawn or russet, slightly colored on the side of the sun; flesh whitish, semi-fine, 

 semi-melting, juicy, apt to be gritty around the core, sweet and perfumed; second-rate; 

 Jan. to Apr. 

 Avocat Tonnelier. i. Rev. Hort. 19. 1893. 



The parent tree of Avocat Tonnelier was raised at Nancy, Fr., about the year 1848. 

 Fruit medium and above, globular-obtuse-pyriform, swelled at base, good yellow-orange at 

 maturity, finely dotted with rose; flesh very dense, white, slightly tinted, melting or slightly 

 breaking, juicy, very sugary, of sweet savor, rather recalling that of Bon Chretien d'Hiver; 

 first for cooking; all winter. 

 Ayer. i. U. S. D. A. Yearbook 428, PI. 52. 1911. 



Originated about 1880 from a chance seedling which sprang up in a vineyard owned 

 by O. H. Ayer, Sibley, Kan. It came into bearing about 1888. Fruit medium, obovate, 

 light greenish or pale lemon-yellow, frequently having a light scarlet blush on the exposed 

 side, and numerous minute russet dots; flesh whitish or yellowish-white, fine, buttery, 

 melting, juicy; very good; July and Aug. 

 Aylton Red. i. Hogg Fruit Man. 489. 1884. 



A perry pear cultivated in Herefordshire, Eng., and described as " growing in 

 popularity." Fruit small, globular, turbinate; skin covered with rough, russet dots. 

 Azerole. i. Leroy Diet. Pom. 1:174, fig. 1867. 



Azerole is an ancient pear though the date and the circumstances of its origin are 

 unknown. Jean Bauhin mentioned it in his " Historia Plantarum " published in 1650. 

 Fruit very small, oblong or turbinate, yellowish-orange, very finely dotted with fawn, 

 and blushed on the cheek exposed to the sun; flesh yellowish, tender, fine, soft, perfumed, 

 rather gritty around the core, juicy, sugary; third; Sept. 

 Baguet. i. Mas Pom. Gen. 4:15, fig. 200. 1879. 



The origin of this pear is uncertain but a bulletin of the Society of Van Mons, 1866, 

 placed the name of Baugniet in parenthesis, suggesting thereby that it was raised by M 

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