THE PEARS OF NEW YORK 583 



patched with russet, thickly sprinkled with russet dots; stem long, curved, inserted obliquely 

 in a small cavity, often by a lip; calyx medium, open, set in a wide, moderately deep basin; 

 flesh whitish green, juicy, buttery, melting, sweet, pleasant, slightly aromatic; good to 

 very good; Sept. 



Windsor, i. Parkinson Par. Ter. 592, fig. 10. 1629. 2. Bunyard Handb. Hardy Fr. 

 204. 1920. 



Madame. 3. Leroy Diet. Pom. 2:369, fig. 1869. 



Summer Bell. 4. Thomas Am. Fruit Cult. 571. 1885. 



According to Leroy this variety originated in Holland, and was published in 1771 

 under the name Hallemine Bonne by Knoop. In French gardens it received the 

 name Madame. In England, Windsor is often called Cuisse Madame. A " Windsor," 

 which appears to be identical with the Windsor of Knoop, is described by English writers 

 as early as 1629. Hogg quotes an English writer as saying, " It was raised from seed of 

 the Cuisse Madame, by a person of the name of Williamson . . ." before 

 1750. Moreover, it is mentioned in 1592 as being cultivated about Naples, and 1563 

 in England. What the origin is appears undeterminable. Tree one of the strongest 

 growers, upright, tall, a regular and abundant bearer; shoots remarkably stout, perfectly 

 upright, dark brown. Fruit large, pyriform or bell-shaped, very smooth, greenish becoming 

 pale yellow; stem long, fairly stout, inserted without depression; calyx open, set on level 

 with prominent ribs around; flesh white, tender, buttery, rather coarse-grained, slightly 

 acid, somewhat astringent; rots at the core; Aug. 

 Winship. i. Mag. Hort. 10:212. 1844. 2. Ibid. 13:485, fig. 41. 1847. 



Originated in the nurseries of the Messrs. Winship, Brighton, Mass., about 1832. 

 Tree vigorous, an early and productive bearer; young wood yellowish -reddish-brown. 

 Fruit medium, oblong-acute-pyriform, greenish-yellow with traces and patches of russet: 

 stem long, rather slender, inserted with no cavity ; calyx large, closed, set in a small, corru- 

 gated basin; flesh white, rather coarse, not juicy, not melting; poor to fair; Aug. 

 Winslow. i. Mass. Hort. Soc. Rpt. 45. 1866. 



A seedling pear fruited by S. A. Shurtleff, Brookline, Mass., in 1865, and described 

 by him as, " Diam. z\ inches; color, brown russet; flesh, sweet, juicy, buttery and high 

 flavored; ripens well. Oct. 21. Roundish." 

 Winter, i. Am. Pom. Soc. Rpt. 60. 1887. 2. la. Sta. Bui. 3:74. 1888. 



Osimaya. 3. Am. Pom. Soc. Rpt. 60. 1887. 



Received by the Iowa Agricultural College in 1879 from R. Shroeder, Moscow, Russia. 

 The tree is said to be hardy and free from blight and the fruit to be large than Bessemianka, 

 quite as good in quality, and in season in central Russia the last days of September. 

 Winter Jonah, i. N. J. Hort. Soc. Rpt. 214. 1889. 2. Can. Exp. Farms Rpt. 422. 1903. 



Tree a medium grower. Fruit medium, roundish, pale yellow with a faint blush 

 on the sunny side, a few small, dark greenish-yellow spots, and many small, gray dots; stem 

 medium, short, set in a very slight depression ; calyx large, open, set in a narrow and shallow 

 basin; winter. 

 Winter Pear. i. Mag. Hort. 20:75. l8 S4- 



Sent to the Fruit Committee of the Pennsylvania Horticultural Society in 1854 



