Bourquiniana Varieties 



For discussion of the prime origin of this class of grapes see pages 54-60, see Plate XVIII. 



HERBEMONT (Syn. Brown French, Neil). ('&). Vine exceedingly vigorous, healthy 

 and long-lived in all the South. The extreme endurance of cold in winter temperature of the dor- 

 mant wood of this variety is 15 below zero (F.). The buds are often damaged at zero or a few 

 degrees below. Endures great heat, long and severe drouth equally with the natives of Southwest 

 Texas. The fruit in moist regions is subject to Black Rot. The plate shows a well-grown average 

 size cluster. The vine is prolific; the berries are of a dull brownish-red color; skin thin, tough, never 

 cracks, pulp all juice, of a sprightly very sweet agreeable flavor when fully ripe; seeds small. 

 The berries are too small to compete successfully in market against larger kinds, but the variety 

 makes a fine white or amber wine, with excellent keeping qualities; ripens a week or more after 

 Norton. 



LENOIR (Syn. Black Spanish, Blue French, Jacquez). Origin, so far as known, same as 

 Herbemont, ( ' -fe). Vine vigorous, but less so than Herbemont; foliage larger and darker 

 green, and very sensitive to Downy Mildew in moist regions, also the fruit to Black Rot, but in 

 Southwest Texas it flourishes in health and bears great crops of very long, rather open clusters 

 of round, small, black berries, with rich sprightly red juice; makes a fine claret; ripens a little 

 before Herbemont. 



There are a number of other varieties of this species, such as Baldwin, Bertrand, 

 Cunningham, Devereux, Elsingburgh, Harwood, Lincoln, Louisiana, Pauline, Rulander, mostly 

 very little planted or entirely out of cultivation. All have small berries. The Ohio, or Cigar 

 Box, variety, has been placed in this class by other writers, but it does not belong here (see 

 Vulpina x Vinifera Hybrid). 



Bourquiniana-Labrusca-Vinifera Hybrids 



The prime origin of the Bourquiniana species being unknown, this, like the last group, is 

 theoretical in part, based upon botanical analysis, and reversion in seedlings. All, like Delaware, 

 are subject to mildew in foliage, generally resist Black Rot, but subject to Ripe Rot in fruit. 



AMETHYST, T. V. M. 1896, parentage Delago x Brilliant. ( ' -&). Vine similar in habit 

 to Delaware, more vigorous, leaves larger, with more pubescence on lower side, much heavier 

 cropper than Delaware. Cluster medium; berry large, ovoid, clear red, with delicate bloom; 

 skin thin and tough; pulp tender, quality the best. Uses, market, table, white wine. Medium 

 season, with Concord. Plant 8 feet apart, short arm. Requires spraying. (See Plate 

 XL., page 144.) 



AUGUSTINA, T. V. M. 1899, sister of Amethyst, ( ' fV). Combination of Delaware, 

 Goethe, Brilliant. Cluster large; berry very large, translucent carmine red; very handsome; 

 skin thin and tough; pulp meaty, tender and juicy, quality the best, with very delicious char- 

 acteristic flavor. Good grower, very prolific, table, market, white wine. Season very late, after 

 Catawba. Plant 8 feet, short arm pruning. Spray. 



DELAGO, T. V. M. 1884, Delaware x Goethe. ( , f). Vine same habit as Delaware, a 

 little more vigorous, with leaves a little larger, and slightly more downy on lower side; clusters 

 small to medium, long peduncle, fairly compact, shouldered; berries large ovoid, bronzy red, 

 skin tough, but not very thick, pulp fairly tender, very sweet, highly flavored, Muscat-like, of 

 best quality; seeds few, rather large, ripe soon after Delaware. Vine requires pollenizing and 

 spraying. 



DELAWARE. Originated in garden of Paul H. Provost, a Swiss vineyardist, of French- 

 town, N. J., where it was found after Provost moved away, about 1850, and .was first brought 

 to public notice about 1855 by A. Thompson, of Delaware, Ohio, 'and was generally disseminated 

 some ten years later by G. W. Campbell, of Delaware, Ohio. ( ' f). 



143 



