berry greenish-white, with thin white bloom; skin thin, tender; flesh juicy, very sweet for this 

 species; pulp tender with few seeds; ripens a week before Concord, and hangs well to bunch; 

 Concord has produced many other pure white seedlings, but generally they are weak in growth 

 and not prolific, have very thin skins given to cracking. The Colerian is probably the best of 

 the lot. 



CONCORD, originated by Ephraim W. Bull, of Concord, Mass., the best of many second 

 generation seedlings, from seeds saved from some wild grapes handed Mr. Bull by some passing 

 boys, who had been grape-hunting, in the woods, about the year 1845, near Mr. Bull's home. 

 ( ' f). It was first shown to the public in an exhibition of the Massachusetts Horticultural 

 Society, in Boston, 1853, and attracted much attention, and was soon thereafter introduced to vine- 

 growers with much favor. Since then it has been more extensively planted than any other variety 

 east of the Rocky Mountains. It is too well known to need description. In Plate XLVII., 

 page 153, is presented a life-size picture of leaves, and a typical, well-grown cluster. 



Numerous seedlings and hybrids of it have been produced, no pure-blood seedling of it has 

 ever excelled it as a market variety. Worden is larger in cluster, and a little better in quality, 

 but vine not so vigorous, and more subject to cracking and dropping of berries. Moore Early is 

 much earlier and nearly equal in quality and is the best early black grape of that class. A number 

 of white Concord seedlings are more tender and sweeter than Concord, but much less vigorous 

 and prolific and profitable. Several of its hybrids are fine, attractive grapes, and some of good 

 value, altho its quality is so ordinary and it has several serious defects, yet its production 

 was of vast value in establishing profitable grape-growing thruout the North, and to some 

 extent in the South. It resists mildew well, but its fruit ripens very unevenly in the South, and 

 Black Rot attacks it severely, unless well sprayed. It cracks and drops badly in wet seasons in 

 the South, and its vines are short-lived. Its juice requires to be heavily sweetened to make a wine 

 that will keep any length of time. It makes a very good fresh grape juice and some large factories 

 are engaged in making and selling such product. 



COTTAGE is a sister of Concord, grown by Mr. E. W. Bull. ( ' f). It is similar in appear- 

 ance to Concord, but is smaller in cluster, and drops its berries more freely, spoiling it for market. 

 It does not crack and rot so badly; it is less prolific and a little earlier, but not so good in quality. 

 It is now generally discarded. 



DRACUT AMBER, originated by J. W. Manning, of Dracut, Mass., nearly half a century 

 ago. Bred from the wild "Fox Grape," of that region. ( ' f). Bunch medium, cylindrical, 

 compact; berries large, globular, dull red; very thick skin, pulpy and very foxy. Vine vigorous, 

 prolific, healthy, fruit free from rot; very early, berries drop from cluster in basket, valueless in 

 market, but fine for jellies. 



EARLY OHIO, originated with R. A. Hunt, Enclid, Ohio, in 1882. ( ' ). It seems to be 

 a seedling of Hartford, probably crossed with Concord, or vice- versa. It is earlier than Hartford, 

 more prolific, clings much better to cluster, of somewhat better quality, but yet is very poor in 

 quality. Valuable only in the North for early market, but greatly needs improving. Vine vigor- 

 ous and healthy in foliage and fruit. Moore Early is much better in quality. 



EATON, seedling of Concord originated by Calvin Eaton, of Concord, Mass. ( ' f). Every 

 way much like Concord, except the berries are very much larger, and the vine is a much more 

 uncertain and less prolific bearer. Of little value, unless to breed from for size. 



HARTFORD, originated with Mr. Steel, of Hartford, Conn., over fifty years ago. ( ' f) 

 Vine vigorous, prolific, bunch medium, shouldered, berry medium, globular, black, drops easily 

 when ripe, very early. Now valueless. Very pulpy and foxy. 



HAYES, a Concord seedling raised by J. B. Moore, of Concord, Mass. ( ' ). Every way. 

 much like Martha, except less foxy and of some better quality. Too light a bearer to be profitable. 



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