The Salmon of the Pacific Slope. 207 



Master Bruin with their arrows before he succumbed. The salmon, 

 by the time they reached this remote spot, after their long journey, 

 occupying the strongest fish, according to the Indian version, from 

 three to five weeks, were wretched looking objects. Battered, 

 weak, covered with sore places, gaunt, minus an eye, or a portion 

 of the upper or lower jaw, they presented spectre-like wrecks of 

 the sleek, lissom, strong salmon as he entered the great river 

 bent upon that wonderful journey. According to the Indians, 

 and I have elicited the opinion of a good many during my 

 long stay in this locality, none returned to the ocean after 

 spawning, death being the invariable end; there is, however, 

 on this point a great divergence of opinion among piscatorial 

 authorities. 



Of the five, six, or seven different species of salmon in the 

 waters of the Pacific Slope,* the chinook, quinnat, tyhee, or king 

 salmon, by which various names this fish is known on the Slope, is 

 the most beautiful and interesting species. It also bears, so far as 

 outward appearance goes, to an unprofessional eye the greatest 

 resemblance to the British salmon. The recently inaugurated 

 industry of importing this fish in a fresh but frozen condition from 

 British Columbia to the London market, and which I believe is a 

 business that has a large and profitable future before it, naturally 

 invests the quinnat with features of particular interest. For this 

 reason I am tempted to transcribe some remarks published in 

 the Field by the well-known English ichthyologist, Dr. Albert 

 Giinther, concerning the Columbian salmon, as he calls the 

 quinnat. 



* (i) Quinnat, or Oncorhynchus quinnat or O. tschawytsoka, according 

 to Ashdown Green ; (2) the sockeye or blue back salmon (O. nerka), 

 though some consider them different fish ; (3) the cohoe (O. kisutch) ; (4) the 

 dry salmon (0. keta) ; (5) the humpback salmon (O. gorbusca) ; (6) the 

 cut-throat, really a trout (S. mykiss) \ and (7) the steelhead, which also is a 

 trout, but generally spoken of as a salmon (S. gairdniri). Writers that should 

 be consulted by those desirous of amplifying their knowledge are : Professors 

 Jordan and Gilbert, Livingston Stone, J. K. Lord, Seth Green, Ashdown Green, 

 Dr. Suckley, and the various official publications of Washington and Ottawa. 



