82 FINAL ACT OF SECOND PAN AMERICAN SCIENTIFIC CONGRESS. 



Believing that this newcomer in the domain of science is worthy of 

 scientific treatment, and that the results would justify the exertions 

 made, the Congress recommended that chairs of sociology be founded in 

 institutions where they do not exist, in order to give direction and control 

 in the examination and formulation of the fundamental laws of society 

 and of social evolution. 



ARTICLE 19. The Second Pan American Scientific Congress petitions 

 The Governments of the American Republics to further the inter- 

 change of educators of all grades and of students of university, 

 normal, and technical training, and to encourage both to 

 make visits of instruction to other American countries. 



It has long been a favorite proposition of the friends of the Americas 

 to secure an interchange of their thought and of their methods, and 

 more particularly to secure the interchange of educators of all grades, of 

 university students, and of students of normal and of technical schools, 

 to visit other American countries, particularly those which offer ex- 

 ceptional opportunities for study and investigation of the subjects in 

 which the educators and students may be especially interested. 



It would be gratifying to our amour propre to claim the exchange 

 professor as an innovation of our day and generation, but, like so many 

 things which strike us at first sight to be new and are found to be old 

 upon further thought and reflection, the exchange professor comes to us 

 from the ancient world, a fact pointed out by FRANCIS LIEBER, the dis- 

 tinguished international lawyer and political philosopher of the Northern 

 Republic, in the following passage, and to whom we must in justice 

 attribute the proposal to rehabilitate the traveling professor as a factor 

 in our modern life and intellectual development : 



In 1846, in one of my writings, I recalled the fact that under Adrian 

 professors were appointed to lecture in different places, and Polemon of 

 Laodicea instructed in oratory at Rome, Laodicea, Smyrna, and Alex- 

 andria. The traveling professor had a free passage on the emperor's ships 

 or on vessels laden with grain. In our days of steamboats and railroads 

 the traveling professor should be reinstated. Why should not the same 

 person teach in New York and in Strasburg? 



To which we might add, why not in New York, Buenos Aires, and 

 indeed in the capital of every American Republic ? 



The aim of the recommendation of Article 19 is not merely to maintain 

 the friendly relations subsisting between Latin America and the United 

 States but to increase and to strengthen them by mobilizing, as it were, 



