202 THE FOREST LANDS OF FINLAND. 



products. The Bjorneborg matches were formerly ex- 

 ported in great quantities to all countries. Previous to 

 1875 the manufacture had become greatly reduced. In that 

 year there were produced 15,978 cases of 1000 boxes each 

 of matches of all kinds, valued at 261,700 marks. The 

 establishment gave employment to 30 men, 170 women, 

 and 60 children under 15 years of age. The six other 

 match manufactories then carried on two at Tarnmerfors, 

 one at Nystad, one at Jakobstad, one at Helsingfors, and 

 one in the parish of Kupio were on a smaller scale. 

 These manufactories amply supplied the requirements of 

 the country, and furnished yearly a certain quantity of 

 products, but this has been gradually reduced. The 

 exportations were : 



1870, 

 1871, 

 1872, 

 1873, 

 1874, 

 1875, 



40,167 cases. 



9,541 

 13,156 

 12,057 



5,550 



7,614 



The value of the matches manufactured in 1873, accord- 

 ing to the official report of the Directory of Manufactures, 

 was 278,505 marks. 



Another industry largely employing forest products is 

 tanning. There are in Finland 28 large tanneries ; and 

 and there are 200 master tanners in the towns, and 372 

 in the rural communes. The largest of these is that of 

 Astro in Brothers, at Uleaborg, where are manufactured 

 both coarse leather and so-called Russian leather. The 

 total value of the produce in 1875 amounted to 620,000 

 marks. Of the hides 10,000 were American, and 1800 

 Finnish. In this year there were imported 700,091 kilo- 

 grammes of raw hides. 



In Finland there is a large and progressingly increasing 

 manufactory of paper and pasteboard, which is largely 

 exported. This manufacture has received a great impetus 



