io 4 LIFE OF FLOWER 



in the discussions which took place between Owen and 

 Huxley in regard to the posterior lobe of the brain, the 

 posterior cornu, and the hippocampus minor. Professor 

 Owen, at the Cambridge Meeting of the British 

 Association in 1862, maintained, from specimens of the 

 human brain in spirit, and from a cast of the interior 

 of the gorilla's skull, that in man the posterior lobes of 

 the brain overlapped the cerebellum, whereas in the 

 gorilla they did not ; that these characters are constant, 

 and therefore he had decided to place man, with his 

 overlapping posterior lobes, the existence of a posterior 

 horn in the lateral ventricle, and the presence of a 

 hippocampus minor in the posterior horn, under the 

 special division Archencephala. Moreover, he grouped 

 with these features the distinctive characters of the foot 

 of man, and showed how it differed from that of all 

 monkeys. Flower's accurate investigations enabled 

 Huxley to substantiate his antagonistic position to 

 Owen's doctrines, viz., that these structures, instead of 

 being the attributes of man, are precisely the most 

 marked cerebral characters common to man with the 

 apes. Huxley also asserted that the differences be- 

 tween the foot of man and that of the higher apes 

 were of the same order, and but slightly different 

 in degree from those which separated one ape from 

 another. 



The result of this controversy was the overthrow 

 (except in the mind and works of its author) of Owen's 

 separation of man on the one hand as the representa- 

 tive of a primary group the Archencephala; and of 

 apes, monkeys, Carnivora, Ungulates, Sirenians, and 

 Cetaceans on the other hand, as forming a second 



