134 LIFE OF FLOWER 



to the discovery of unexpected relationships between 

 placeiitals and marsupials, it has been proposed to 

 recognise only two sub-classes of mammals : the 

 Eutheria, comprising the two groups last mentioned, 

 and the Prototheria, or monotremes. The scheme chiefly 

 differed from the one proposed some years earlier by 

 Huxley in the inclusion of the Hyracoidea (klipdass) 

 and Proboscidea (elephants) as sub-orders of the 

 Ungulata, instead of their forming separate orders by 

 themselves. In this instance Flower ranked the 

 Artiodactyla, Perissodactyla, Hyracoidea, and Pro- 

 boscidea as equivalent sub-orders of Ungulata, but later 

 on he brigaded the two former together as Ungulata 

 Vera, and the two latter as Subungulata. 



The above scheme was employed by Flower in the 

 article " Mammalia," written by him for the ninth edition 

 of the Encyclopedia Britannica, the volume containing 

 which appeared in 1883. This article, with others by 

 himself and other authors, formed, as will be noticed 

 later on, the basis of the Study of Mammals pub- 

 lished in 1891. Among other articles contributed by 

 Flower to the Encyclopedia were those on the Horse, 

 Kangaroo, Lemur, Lion, Mastodon, Megatherium, Otter, 

 Platypus, Rhinoceros, Seal, Swine, Tapir, Whale, and 

 Zebra. 



The aforesaid scheme of classification was likewise 

 used in the second part of the " Catalogue of Osteo- 

 logical Specimens in the Museum of the Royal College 

 of Surgeons," which was written with the assistance of 

 Dr. Garson, and appeared in 1884. Since this valuable 

 work has been already noticed at some length in the 

 chapter devoted to Flower's official connection with the 



