LIFE OF FLOWER 163 



the various races of mankind. In the former he drew 

 up a preliminary scheme of this nature, which was 

 published in the British Medical Journal for 1879 and 

 1880, under the title of " Anatomical Characters of the 

 Races of Man." Impressed with the importance of 

 having some well-marked feature, other than those 

 afforded by the skull, by means of which the skeletons 

 of such races could easily be distinguished, he turned 

 his attention to the scapula, or shoulder-blade, and in 

 1880, with the assistance of Dr. J. G. Garson, pub- 

 lished in the Journal of Anatomy and Physiology a paper 

 " On the Scapular Index as a Race-Character in Man." 

 On the whole, although the number of skeletons ex- 

 amined was confessedly insufficient, the results obtained 

 were decidedly satisfactory, and agreed fairly well with 

 those of other observers. The Australians and Anda- 

 manesej for instance, accorded in this respect with the 

 Negro type. On the other hand, Bushman skeletons, as 

 had been observed in Paris, approached in this respect 

 to the Caucasian type, while the Tasmanians were 

 unexpectedly found to differ markedly from the other 

 black races in their scapular index. 



In 1884, in a paper published in the Journal of the 

 Anthropological Society, Sir William recorded the 

 results of a large series of observations in regard to 

 the value of the size of the teeth as a race-character, 

 and was enabled, by means of a " dental index," to 

 divide the human species into a "Microdont," or 

 small-toothed group, a <c Mesodont " group and a 

 u Macrodont," or large-toothed group. In the first 

 group were included Europeans and other members 

 of the Caucasian stock, as well as Polynesians, and 



