98 THE SMALL GRAINS 



(AVENA SATIVA GRISEA, KCKE.) 



6. Awnless, hull gray. 



Winter Gray Winter, Russian Gray Winter, Virginia 

 Gray Winter, Winter Turf. 



(AVENA SATIVA BRUNNEA, KCKE.) 



7. Awnless, hull brown. 



Spring Houdan, Rousse Couronne, Dun. 



(A VENA SATIVA NIGRA, KRAUSE) 



8. Awnless, hull black. 



Spring Black Brie, Chernii, Etampes, Joanette, North 

 Finnish Black, Old Island Black. 



(A VENA SATIVA MONTANA, AL.) 



9. Awned, hull dark. 



Spring Berg, Victor. 



Winter Black Russian, Boswell, Webb Black Winter. 



89. Oriental or side oats (Avena orientalis, Linn.). - 

 This subspecies of oats, as its name implies, appears to be 

 a definite product of the Orient. It seems not to have 

 been known in Europe until comparatively recent times. 

 It is chiefly characterized by the fact that the panicle is 

 compacted and turned to one side (see Fig. 28). Side 

 oats seem, on the whole, a little more restricted in 

 adaptation to northern latitudes than the spreading oats. 

 They are somewhat deceptive as to probable yield, the 

 compactness of panicle causing a tendency for one 

 to overestimate their yields. All side oats are spring 

 varieties. The classification and representative varieties 

 are about as follows : 



