124 THE SMALL GRAINS 



varieties, on the other hand, are not particularly 

 hardy. Barley is grown beyond the parallel of 68 in 

 Finland, up to<70 in Norway, as .far as 65 in Sweden, 

 up to the Arctic Circle in Russia, where the Lapland 

 variety is grown ; to 62 in Yakutsk government, Siberia, 

 and at 65J at Rampart, Alaska, where it ripens in 80 

 to 95 days after seeding. Barley of other very different 

 varieties thrives also in the tropical plains of the Ganges 

 and in the hot districts of northern Africa, and is grown 

 at Timbuctu, 17^ from the equator. In the highlands 

 of Abyssinia it is found still farther south. It grows at 

 an elevation of 9400 feet in Afghanistan, up to 11,800 

 feet in the Himalaya region, as high as 11,000 feet in 

 Abyssinia, 13,000 feet in Peru and Bolivia, and reaches 

 15,200 feet in Tibet. At the place last mentioned a con- 

 siderable quantity is grown each year in a basin sur- 

 rounding Dangra Yum Lake in Hor Province. Barley is 

 most frequently mentioned among the cereals of the Old 

 World. It is more adapted to alkaline soils than other 

 cereals. Winter varieties are few and less hardy than 

 winter wheats, but a little hardier than winter oats. 



116. Classification. It is rather generally accepted 

 at present that two-row barley is derived from H. spon- 

 taneum. The six-row pyramidal and common six-row 

 barleys are usually included under H. polystichum, while 

 H. intermedium includes forms considered to be of hybrid 

 origin. The classification most generally accepted is here 

 shown : 



spontaneum, K. Koch, distichum, Linn., two-row barley. 

 f vulgare, Linn., common or nodding 



T^..,, six-row barley. 

 Hordeum^polystichum,E j hexastichimi) Linn ? 



[ six-row barley, 

 intermedium, Kcke., hybrid barley. 



