136 



THE SMALL GRAINS 



126. Grouping and distribution. In agricultural 

 practice the most important groups are the nutans and 

 erectum, each of which includes many varieties. The 

 spike of the nutans varieties is long, 

 slender, and loose, while that of the 

 erectum varieties is shorter and com- 

 pact. Atterberg has shown that in 

 the nutans group, the dorsal side of 

 the kernel has at the base a horse- 

 shoe-like depression, while in the 

 erectum group there is no such de- 

 pression, but that portion of the 

 kernel is often pinched with a trans- 

 verse crease or furrow. The two- 

 row barleys are the chief brewing 

 barleys of Europe. They are espe- 

 cially dominant in Germany, Austria, 

 Scandinavia, and England, and have 

 been much improved in recent years. 

 They are less widely distributed 

 however than common barleys, and 

 there are fewer varieties. The im- 

 portant varieties and their classifica- 

 tion within the subspecies are about as follows (Fig. 43) : 



, (HORDEUM DISTICHUM NUTANS, SCHUBL.) 



; 1. Spikes pale yellow, awns appressed, rough. 



Spring Annat, Cape, Chevalier, Erfurt, Gold, Old Irish, 

 Gute, Hanna, Hannchen, Kitzing, Lerchenborg, Smyrna 

 White, Popplesdorf, Porter, Probsteier, Persian, Princess. 



(HORDEUM DISTICHUM MEDICUM, KCKE.) 



2. Spikes pale yellow, awns appressed, smooth. 

 Spring Persian Smooth-awn, Werner. 



FIG. 46. Kernels of 

 two - row hulless 

 ', barley. 



