SYMBOLS 



log logarithm. Whenever used the Naperian logarithm is understood. 



To find the common logarithm to base 10 : 

 logio a = 0.43429 ... log a. 

 log a = 2.30259 . . . logio a. 

 I Factorial, n \ where n is an integer denotes 1.2.3.4 



Equivalent notation 12 

 : Does not equal. 



> Greater than. 



< Less than. 



^ Greater than, or equal to. 



^ Less than, or equal to. 



G) 



Binomial coefficient. See 1.51- 



Approaches. 



Determinant where #;& is the element in the ^'th row and kih column, 



. . . .) 



Functional determinant. See 1.37. 



| a | Absolute value of a. If a is a real quantity its "numerical value, 

 without regard to sign. If a is a complex quantity, a = a + i(3, 

 | a = modulus of a = -f Va 2 + /3 2 . 



1 The imaginary = +V i. 



k=n 



2 Sign of summation, i.e., 2 a * = #1 + #2 + #3 + . . 4- a n . 



k=i 



k=n 



i \ Product, i.e., JJ(i + kx) = (i + *)(i + 2x)(i + 3^) .... (i + nx). 



Vlll 



