ARENARIA. 99 



Suborder CHAKADRII. 

 Family CHABADRIIDjE. 



Bill slender, in some very long, straight, occasionally gently curved; 

 tail short and nearly square ; legs moderately long to very long ; plumage 

 (except in Rostratula) white, gray, and brown, occasionally black and 

 reddish. This family includes all the stilts, curlews, godwits, snipes, 

 sandpipers, and plovers. 



Subfamilies. 



a 1 . Toes not laterally scalloped; no serrated edge on back of tarsus. 



6 1 . Tarsus more than twice as long as middle toe with claw; naked portion of 



thigh much longer than middle toe with claw Himantopodinse (p. 113) 



6 2 . Tarsus less than twice as long as middle toe with claw; naked portion of 



thigh much shorter than middle toe with claw. 

 c 1 . Culmen with a decided dertrum or arched swelling at tip ; tarsus reticulate 



behind. 

 d 1 . A small fleshy wattle in front of eye; front of tarsus covered with large 



transverse scales Lobivanellinae (p. 101) 



d z . No eye wattle present; tarsus covered with small hexagonal scales. 



Charadriinae (p. 102) 

 c a . Culmen without a dertrum at tip. 



d 1 -. Tarsus with transverse plates in front and hexagonal scales behind; bill 



short, less than head; culmen nearly straight Arenariinse (p. 99) 



d*. Tarsus with transverse plates both before and behind ( except Numenius 

 which has a long decurved bill) ; bill usually much longer than head, 

 either straight or curved, the tip usually soft. 



e 1 . Toes webbed at base Totaninse (p. 114) 



e~. Toes cleft to the base Scolopacinae (p. 132) 



a 3 . Toes with lateral lobes; tarsus with the posterior edge serrated. 



Phalaropodinae (p. 149) 



Subfamily ARENARIIN^E. 

 Genus ARENABIA Brisson, 1760. 



Bill pointed, culmen straight and flattened for basal half; nostril 

 linear, situated in a groove which extends half the length of bill; wing 

 long and pointed; first primary decidedly longest; tarsus short with 

 transverse plates in front and hexagonal scales behind; toes without 

 webs; hind toe present. 



88. ARENARIA INTERPRES (Linnaeus). 

 TURNSTONE. 



Tringa interpres LINNAEUS, Syst. Nat. ed. 10 (1758), 1, 148. 



Arenaria interpres SHABPE, Cat. Birds Brit. Mus. (1896), 24, 92; Hand- 

 List (1899), 1, 146; GATES, Cat. Birds' Eggs (1902), 2, 3; MCGREGOR 

 and WORCESTER, Hand-List ( 1906) , 22. 



Strepsilas interpres BLANFORD, Fauna Brit. Ind. Bds. (1898), 4, 223, fig. 50 

 (head). 



Bantayan (McGregor) ; Bohol (Everett) ; Cagayancillo (McGregor) ; Cagayan 

 Sulu (Guillemard) ; Cebu (McGregor); Lubang (McGregor) ; Luzon (White- 



