TEREKIA. 127 



a narrow superciliary line of whitish, extending from base of bill ; sides of 

 face bronzy brown, with blackish shaft-lines to the feathers; fore part of 

 cheeks and under surface pure white, with dusky streaks on the throat, 

 these being a little longer on chest, the sides of latter and sides of upper 

 breast brown; under wing-coverts white, mottled with blackish bases, 

 especially distinct on edge of wing; axillars pure white; quills dusky 

 below, white toward base of inner web. 'Bill dusky above, brownish gray 

 beneath ; feet grayish, tinged with green, claws black ; iris brown.' (Mac- 

 gillivray.) Length, 203; culmen, 28; wing, 104; tail, 51; tarsus, 24. 



"Adult female in breeding plumage. Similar to the male in color, but 

 not quite so heavily marked, and the streaks on the fore neck and chest 

 less pronounced. Length, 178 ; culmen, 28 ; wing, 109 ; tail, 61 ; tarsus, 22. 



"Adult in winter plumage. A little more bronzy olive than in summer, 

 and uniform above, without the black central streaks and black spear- 

 shaped spots which are characteristic of the summer dress ; the streaks on 

 the throat are also much narrower and not so distinct. 



"Young. Easily distinguished by the cross-bars of sandy or reddish 

 buff and dusky brown, which give the upper surface a freckled appearance ; 

 throat uniform, with scarcely any indications of streaks on the lower 

 part/' (Sharpe.) 



The common sandpiper is widely distributed and is often found along 

 fresh-water streams as well as near the sea. 



Genus TEREKIA Bonaparte, 1838. 



Bill curved upward; tarsus longer than middle toe with claw and less 

 than two-thirds of culmen; wings long, when folded extending to or 

 beyond the end of tail. 



109. TEREKIA CINEREA ( Guldenstadt ) . 

 AVOCET SANDPIPER. 



Scolopax cinerea GULDENSTADT, Novi Comm. Acad. Sci. Imp. Petrop. (1775), 



19, 473, pi. 19. 

 Terekia cinerea SHARPE, Cat. Birds Brit. Mus. (1896), 24, 474; Hand-List 



(1899), 1, 161; GATES, Cat. Birds' Eggs (1902), 2, 47; MCGREGOR and 



WORCESTER, Hand-List (1906), 26. 



Bohol (Everett) ; Cebu (McGregor) ; Masbate (Bourns & Worcester) ; Negros 

 (Steere Exp., Bourns & Worcester)-, Palawan (Whitehead) . Northern Siberia, 

 northeastern Europe; in winter Africa and Indian Peninsula to Australia. 



"Adult male in breeding plumage. Differs from the winter plumage 

 in having black centers to feathers of upper surface; head streaked with 

 blackish brown ; a ruf escent tint pervades the upper surface ; lesser wing- 

 coverts and scapulars almost entirely black, the latter forming a double 

 band down the back"; wing-coverts, secondaries, lower back, rump, and 

 upper tail-coverts, mottled with dusky markings; below white; lower 

 throat and fore neck streaked with blackish. 'Bill black, base of lower 



