184 MANUAL OF PHILIPPINE BIRDS. 



erectile plumes on the nape, these being tipped with tawny-buff, and 

 the pale tips crossed with lines of black; eyebrow, sides of face, and 

 sides of the neck tawny-buff, the eyebrow uniform except on the under 

 edge, where the feathers are barred with black; ear-coverts scarcely 

 marked at all, but the plumes of the sides of the neck narrowly barred 

 with black, and elongated into a frill which covers the hind neck, the 

 latter being clothed in dense down of a tawny-buff-color; the feathers 

 below the eye, and a streak along the cheeks and down the sides of the 

 neck, black; malar line of feathers and throat creamy white, with a 

 central line of reddish buff feathers slightly mottled with black bases ; the 

 lower throat also creamy white, with four or five tolerably defined broad 

 lines of tawny-buff and black-mottled feathers; the lower part of the 

 ruff on the fore neck with narrow wavy lines of black ; the breast covered 

 with down of a tawny-buff-color, and hidden by a large patch of loose 

 plumes on each sicfe of the chest, which are mostly black with tawny-buff 

 margins; remainder of under surface creamy white, streaked with black 

 centers to the feathers, the black markings slightly broken up with 

 mottlings of tawny-buff; thighs and under tail-coverts with scarcely any 

 markings whatever; under wing-coverts and axillars tawny-buff, the 

 former narrowly lined with blackish, the axillars more distinctly barred 

 with dusky blackish. 'Bill greenish yellow ; legs and feet yellowish green ; 

 claws dark brown ; iris yellow ; bare space before the eye yellowish green.' 

 (Seebohm.) Length, about 610; culmen, 69; wing, 330; tail 112; 

 tarsus, 96. 



"Two of the three specimens collected by Mr. Robert Bergman at 

 Yokohama are apparently young birds and have the primary-coverts and 

 quills almost uniform, with a certain amount of rufous mottlings con- 

 fined to the inner webs ; in this state of plumage B. stellaris has a great 

 resemblance to B. pceciloptilus but is always to be distinguished from the 

 last-named bird by the tawny-colored frill on the sides of the neck, instead 

 of the smoky brown one peculiar to the Australian bird." (Sharpe.) 



Order AISTSEIMFOKMES. 



DUCKS AND GEESE. 



Bill stout, compressed at base, flattened at tip, which is blunt or rounded 

 or rarely spatulate (Spatula), and covered with soft, leathery membrane 

 except the hard overhanging "nail" at tip ; nostril from subbasal to sub- 

 terminal, open and usually oval; neck small and usually long; body 

 compact, heavy, flattened, densely covered with short feathers; wings 

 stiff, strong, and rather pointed; tail usually short and rounded and 

 fairly stiff, never forked and but rarely long and pointed (Dafila) ; legs 



