210 MANUAL OF PHILIPPINE BIRDS. 



the lesser and median coverts to the secondaries wood-brown ; the feathers 

 all edged with paler; the greater coverts darker brown, edged with light 

 brown ; the coverts to the tertiaries grayish brown, edged with pale f ulrous. 

 The whole of the coverts narrow and sharp-pointed; the winglet, pri- 

 maries, and their coverts dark brown ; the secondaries brown, tinged with 

 ashy on the outer webs; the whole back, rump, upper tail-coverts, and 

 flanks white; the lower plumage whitish brown, each feather being white 

 with the tip brownish, the feathers close, dense, and soft. 



"In June of the third year, or when the bird is about thirty months 

 old, the molt into adult breeding plumage is commenced and the change 

 is entirely effected by October, except that in this first breeding season 

 the wing-coverts never become entirely white as in the old birds, the 

 feathers of these parts being a mixture of long sharp-pointed, white 

 feathers, and comparatively blunt brown ones. Between June and Oc- 

 tober the pouch, which has hitherto been spotless, becomes blotched with 

 livid as in the adults, the blotches extending to the face; the legs turn 

 to dark brown; the iris becomes paler brown; and the spots on the bill 

 become firm and well defined. 



"Mr. E. W. Oates, having kept large numbers of P. philippensis in 

 confinement, has had exceptional opportunities of studying the changes 

 of plumage, and the above descriptions are the results of his observations, 

 published in his Birds of British Burmah." (Grant.) 



"We were informed that pelicans were abundant on the Laguna de Bay 

 at certain seasons, but when we were there none were to be found. A 

 number of specimens are preserved in the Jesuit Museum at Manila, and 

 several live birds were to be seen there on different occasions when we 

 visited the Museum. Padre Sanchez kindly offered us specimens, and 

 we intended to accept his offer at a later date, but unforeseen circum- 

 stances prevented our doing so." (Bourns and Worcester MS.) 



"Abundant about fish-breeding ponds in tide-water marshes of Bulacan 

 in February, 1904. Also at Anao, Tarlac Province, in same month and 

 year. Fairly common in the Candaba swamp, Luzon." (Worcester.) 



Order ACCIPITRIFORMES. 



EAGLES, HAWKS, AND FALCONS. 



Bill strong, upper mandible considerably longer than the lower, cul- 

 men much curved, end of bill hooked and its tip perpendicular ; basal por- 

 tion of bill covered by a membrane or cere, in which the nostrils are 

 situated; legs large; feet very strong, claws curved and sharp; general 

 plumage compact; wings long and powerful; tail nearly square, rarely 

 forked or wedge-shaped. 



