240 MANUAL OF PHILIPPINE BIRDS. 



Species. 



a 1 . Much larger; wing more than 300 mm. 



6 1 . Light color from breast extending forward below 7 ear-coverts and partly 

 separating a blackish band on side of throat from black of side of head. 



pcre^rinus (p. 240) 

 b*. Light color of breast not invading the auricular region, the entire side of 



head, sides of throat, and ear-coverts being black. 

 c 1 . Bars on under parts black and close-set ; flanks, thighs, abdomen, and under 



tail -coverts washed with smoky blue-gray ernesti (p. 242) 



c*. Less closely barred below; under parts not washed with smoky blue-gray. 



melanogenys (p. 241) 

 a 8 . Much smaller; wing less than 250 mm severus (p. 243) 



198. FALCO PEREGRINUS Tunstall. 

 PEREGRINE FALCON. 



Falco peregrinus TUNSTALL, Ornithologia Britannica (1771), 1; SHARPE, 

 Hand-List (1899), 1, 273; BLANFORD, Fauna Brit. Ind. Bds. (1895), 

 3, 415; GATES, Cat. Birds' Eggs (1902), 2, 296; MCGREGOR and WOR- 

 CESTER, Hand-List (1906), 44. 



Falco communis SHAHPE, Cat. Birds Brit. Mus. (1874), 1, 376. 



Batan (Edmonds) ; Calayan (McGregor); Camiguin N. (McGregor); Catan- 

 duanes ( Whitehead) ; Fuga (Whitehead) ; Luzon (Steere Exp., McGregor); 

 Mindanao (Steere Exp.) ; Mindoro (Everett) ; Negros (Steere Exp.) ; Palawan 

 (Whitehead, Platen, White). Northern America, Europe, Asia; in winter, Africa 

 and Indian Peninsula. 



"Adult. Above bluish gray, darker on the head and nape, pale on 

 rump and upper tail-coverts ; feathers of the head and nape, the scapulars 

 and sometimes other parts of the upper plumage dark shafted, and all 

 feathers except those of the head and hind neck with dark cross-bands; 

 forehead whitish ; a broad cheek-stripe from beneath eye black ; primaries 

 blackish, the inner webs, except near the end, closely barred with white; 

 secondaries ashy gray with darker cross-bands ; tail dark gray or blackish, 

 with numerous ashy gray cross-bars, closer together and paler toward 

 the base, extreme tip and borders near tip whitish ; lower parts white 

 with a rufous tinge, a few brown or black spots on lower breast and 

 middle of abdomen, and narrow dark bars on flanks, lower wing-covert-, 

 thighs, and under tail-coverts. 



"Young birds are very dark brown above, the feathers edged with 

 rufous, the buff bases of the feathers showing about nape; tail-feathers 

 with about six transversely oval rufous spots on each web, forming im- 

 perfect cross-bars; primaries as in adults; cheek-stripe narrower; lower 

 parts white, buff, or rufescent, spotted except on the throat, with broad 

 brown elongate median stripes, becoming broad spots on the flanks. 



"After the first molt peregrines are brownish gray above and gradually 

 acquire a pure slaty-gray back. The spots and bars on the lower parts 

 are much broader at first and grow smaller and narrower with age, the 

 drops on the breast become narrow lines and ultimately disappear 



