272 MANUAL OF PHILIPPINE BIRDS. 



front of each eye ; face white slightly tinged with buff ; stiff ruff-feathers 

 white, the outer ones with black shafts and blackish brown tips; sides 

 of neck light tawny-buff with large brown spots; under parts white with 

 a few small black spots on breast and flanks; breast faintly washed with 

 buff; wing-lining and axillars white with larger black spots; primaries 

 and secondaries, above light buff, with dark brown bars and whitish tips, 

 below white, the tips of primaries dark brown; primary-coverts orange- 

 buff basally; rectrices white with four blackish brown bars, the bars 

 obsolete on outermost pair. Bill white, legs dirty brown; nails brown. 

 Length, 395 ; wing, 355 ; tail, 135 ; bill from anterior border of nostril, 

 19; tarsus, 85; middle toe with claw, 55. 



Female (Batan Island, June, 1907). Similar to the male from Ken- 

 guet but darker; under parts heavily washed with ocherous-buff ; face 

 washed with vinaceous-brown ; the blackish spots of under parts more 

 numerous. Length, 406; wing, 368; tail, 130. 



The difference in color between the male and female, as described 

 above, is not due to either age or sex and occurs in many, if not in all, 

 bf the members of this genus. 



Nestling (Laguna, Province, Luzon, February 15, 1900). Wings and 

 tail, as far as developed, like those of the adult; body and legs thickly 

 covered with yellowish buff down. 



Order PSITTACIFORMES. 



COCKATOOS AND PARROTS, 



Bill short, extremely strong; upper mandible movable, cered and 

 strongly hooked as in the birds of prey; toes four, the outer toe per- 

 manently reversed; tarsus short and stout, covered with small scales. 

 Eggs pure white, seldom with any gloss; oval, or rarely spheroidal; 

 deposited in hollow trees. 



Families. 



a 1 . Hook of bill underneath nearly smooth or with very superficial longitudinal 



ridges, but with no distinct file-like surface Loriidae (p. 272) 



a'. Hook of bill underneath with a series of transverse ridges more or less bent 

 along the median line and producing a file-like surface. 



ft 1 . Head crested ; plumage nearly all white Cacatuidae ( p. 273) 



ft 3 . Head without crest; plumage nearly all green, or green and blue, never white. 



Psittacid* (p. 275) 



Family LOKIIDJE. 



"Bill much compressed, generally longer than deep, not notched, and 

 smooth; culmen rounded and narrow; lower mandible rather long, with 

 the gonys narrow, straight, and obliquely slanting upward, not flattened 



