CAPRIMULGUS. 349 



310. CAPRIMULGUS JOTAKA Temrainck and Schlegel. 

 JAPANESE NIGHTJAR. 



Caprimulgtis jotaka TEMMINCK and SCHLEGEL, Fauna Japonica, Aves ( 1847 ) , 

 37, pi. 12; HABTEBT, Cat. Birds Brit. Mus. (1892), 16, 552; SHABPE, 

 Hand-List (1900), 2, 88; McGREGOB and WOBCESTEB, Hand-List (1906), 

 57; GATES and REID, Cat. Birds' Eggs (1903), 3, 74, pi. 1, fig. 14. 



Calayan (McGregor)-, Palawan (Bourns & Worcester, Celestino, White). 

 Northeastern Siberia, China, Japan, Indo-Chinese provinces; in winter to New 

 Guinea, Malay Peninsula, Greater Sunda Islands. 



"Adult male. Above gray, finely penciled with brown, with broad 

 black stripes along the top of the head, back, and rump; scapulars with 

 velvety black centers or spots and buff or rufous-buff spots or bar-like 

 markings; wing-coverts with roundish buff spots speckled with brown; 

 some longitudinal buff spots on the hind neck; a golden buff spot on 

 each side of neck, just behind ear-coverts ; primaries deep blackish brown, 

 outer webs with some minute rufous spots, inner web of first primary 

 with a round white spot, not reaching shaft, a white band across both 

 webs of next three; central pair of rectrices deep blackish brown, with 

 broad pale grayish brown, dark speckled bars, the others with narrower 

 bands, becoming more rufous on the outer ones, and all, except central 

 pair, with a broad subterminal white bar; a white band across throat, 

 interrupted at center and variegated on lower edge with ferruginous buff 

 and blackish spots; throat pale rufous-buff with brown cross-markings; 

 chest and upper breast pale grayish brown, with dark markings and some 

 more or less developed larger buff spots; abdomen buff, barred with 

 dark brown, the bars becoming broader and less numerous on lower tail- 

 coverts which are sometimes nearly uniform; rictal bristles dark toward 

 the base. Length, 279; wing, 203 to 221; tail, 140 to 147; tarsus, 16; 

 feathered in front. 



"Adult female. Similar to the male, but a little smaller on the 

 average; spots on primaries buff and speckled, band on second primary 

 always interrupted; spots on throat buff; tail-feathers without a distinct 

 white band. 



"Young. Young individuals are paler above and below, the dark 

 markings less developed, and pervaded with a sandy rufous tinge; the 

 young male shows already the white spots of the adult male, but they 

 are shaded with buff and that on the second quill is a little interrupted." 

 (Hartert.) 



Worcester and Bourns took a male of this species in Palawan in De- 

 cember, 1891. It was 260 in length; wing, 212; tail, 128; culmen, 12; 

 tarsus, 14; middle toe with claw, 22. The second Philippine specimen 

 was shot by my assistant in Calayan Island, the last day of 1903. This 

 specimen measures: Length, 260; wing, 210; tail, 127; tarsus, 15; middle 



