380 MANUAL OF PHILIPPINE BIRDS. 



Male. Entire plumage glossy blue-black. Bill dusky greenish ; iris 

 crimson ; legs and feet dark steel-blue ; nails brown. Length, 490 ; wing, 

 241; tail, 237; exposed culmen, 31; bill from nostril, 22. 



Female. Above dark brown with a faint purple gloss on wing-coverts 

 and scapulars ; feathers of crown, neck, and sides of face with rufous shaft- 

 stripes; back, rump, and wings with small tawny-rufous spots, quills and 

 tail barred with same color; lower parts buff (inclining to white on middle 

 of breast) barred with black; a more or less distinct white band from 

 base of bill to below posterior edge of ear-coverts, wider posteriorly ; below 

 this a wide band of dark rufous mixed with black; ear-coverts similar; 

 chin and throat striped with black and tawny-buff. Bill dusky greenish ; 

 iris crimson; legs and feet steel-blue; nails brown. Length, 490; wing, 

 240; tail, 227; exposed culmen, 31; bill from nostril, 22. 



Subfamily CENTROPODIN^e. 

 Genus CENTROPUS Illiger, 1811. 



Bill powerful, strongly curved; legs and feet strong, tarsus naked; 

 claw of hind toe very long and slender, nearly straight; wings short, 

 rounded, and curved to the body, primaries but little longer than second- 

 aries; tail very long, its feathers wide and soft; feathers of head, neck, 

 and throat coarse and decomposed, their shafts strong and polished. 



a 1 . Head, chin, and throat black ; wings neither chestnut nor fawn. 

 ft 1 . Entire plumage nearly uniform black, glossed with oil-green. 



c 1 . Slightly smaller; culmen in male, about 29 mm mindorensis (p. 381) 



c 2 . Slightly larger; culmen in male, about 32 mm carpenter! (p. 382) 



6 2 . Neck and breast smoky brown in contrast with the black of head and throat. 



steeri (p. 382) 



a 2 . Not uniform black ; wings chestnut, rufous, or fawn. 

 ft 1 . Tail black, glossed with blue or green. 

 c 1 . Under parts nearly uniform black. 



d 1 . Head, neck, and breast glossed with bluish violet; wing, 220 mm. or more. 



sincnsis (p. 383) 

 d 2 . Head, neck, and breast .glossed with oil-green or dark blue; wing, 190 



mm. or less. 



e 1 . Wings bright rufous; shafts of wing-coverts rufous; wing-lining black. 



viridis (p. |38;S) 

 e 2 . Wings dark buff; shafts of wing-coverts pale buff; wing-lining buff. 



javanicus (p. 384) 



c 2 . Chin, throat, and breast light buif ; abdomen black, glossed with oil-green. 



melanops (p. 386) 

 6 a . Tail and entire upper parts uniform rufous unimfus (p. 386) 



